In China, it is located in the subtropical and northern tropical regions of Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan. It has no frost or very short frost period in winter and is suitable for planting Alisma in autumn and winter. The cultivation techniques are described below.
First, seedlings choose sunny, irrigation and convenient, fertile rice fields for nursery. After harvesting early and mid-season rice, we should dry up the field water, remove the weeds from the rice fields, and apply 2,000 kg per acre to make up the soil. After the water is poured into the ground, we will rinse the water and remove the mud. After the sediment is cleared, the water will be drained and the width will be 100-120 cm. The 10cm high seedbed is made into a turtle shape. Select full seeds, soak in warm water at 30°C for 24 hours, remove and drip dry water, mix 10 times of grass ash or fine sand to sow. Autumn seedlings of Alisma seedlings are planted in July-August, and winter seedlings are planted in September. Spread the seed evenly on the seedbed. After sowing, insert fern grass or cover shading, strengthen management, diligently weed and fertilize, and irrigate water frequently to keep the seedbed moist. When the seedling grows to 10cm, the shade will be removed to increase the light.
Second, the selection of soil cultivation sites should choose to facilitate drainage, irrigation, water source assurance, sunlight, fertile soil, strong water retention and fertility of rice fields. After mid-season rice and early-maturing late rice are harvested, the rice stems are ploughed and after 15 to 20 days of paddy fields, after the rice stems are rotted, 1500 to 2000 kg per acre is used as a base fertilizer, and then 1 to 2 times of paddy fields are used to dissolve the soil. Rotten, fertilizer can be mixed evenly.
Third, transplanting Alisma Alisma growing in the field only about 130 days. The autumn season should be in September, and the winter season should be planted in the middle or late October. 10 ~ 13cm seedling height, with 5 to 8 true leaves of strong seedlings, with root excavation, with peanut bran mixed with ash root, selected cloudy or sunny afternoon transplanting, spacing by line spacing 35cm30cm, insertion depth 1.5 ~ 2cm.
Fourth, field management (1) make up seedlings: 2 to 3 days after insertion, a careful inspection and found that floating seedlings, down seedlings should immediately planted stable, lack of seedlings are timely replant. (2) Fertilization in Putian: Autumn and winter cultivars are usually cultivated, weeded, and top-dressed 3 times. Grasp the principles of weeding before weeding. The first time is about 15 days after transplanting. When fertilizing, the water should be drained first, and 750kg of manure and livestock manure per acre should be poured on the water, or 5kg of urea should be applied on the root side. Every 20 days after the second application, per acre Shiren people and animal water 1500g, or urea 15kg, potassium chloride 15kg. The third time in the period of vigorous plant growth, 2000kg of manure and livestock manure per acre, 30kg of potassium chloride or 30kg of compound fertilizer. Weeding field after each application. (3) Irrigation drainage: After the transplanting, the water depth is maintained within 2 to 3cm. After the second fertilization, the water depth is maintained at 3 to 5cm. After the third fertilization, the tuber expansion period, and the field water is maintained at about 1cm. Drain the water for 2 to 3 days to promote root growth. (4) In addition to side bud mossing: After the second fertilizing cropping field, the roots of the plant should be wiped out in time. The plants with the flowering mosses should also be removed in time to reduce the consumption of nutrients and the growth of tubers.
V. Pest Control (1) White spot disease: Common disease in leaves of Alisma orientalis. During the initial episode, control was sprayed with 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture or 50% thiophanate-methyl 600 times. (2) Bletilla striata: Diseases of the base of Alisma stem were soaked with 50% thiophanate-methyl for 10 minutes before sowing; the diseased plants were found to be removed in a timely manner, and the ward was scattered with lime. (3) Locust: During the occurrence period, 40% Dimethoate EC was 1500-2000 times or 80% Dichlorvos 1500-2000 times. (4) Spodoptera exigua: Occurrence of artificial killing or spraying with 90% trichlorfon 1000 to 1500 times liquid.
6. Harvested autumnal species Alisma was collected in December of the same year or January of the following year; winter species of Alisma were harvested from the second to the third of the following year.
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