Spiders are versatile, resilient creatures with strong survival abilities and simple feeding habits. As long as they have access to food, water, and shelter, they can grow, develop, and reproduce normally. A single spider can produce between 200 to 300 offspring per year, with some species producing thousands, making them highly profitable. Spiders primarily feed on insects like flies, which are easy to obtain. They can be raised in self-contained environments without high investment, and they can also be introduced from the wild, offering significant economic returns.
Liu Jie and Liu Huimin from Weiwang Town, Cao County, Shandong Province, successfully started spider farming and have been involved in breeding, capturing, processing, and selling spiders. Since April 1997, they have earned over 100,000 yuan in net income. To help more farmers and breeders get started, they now share their experience in spider farming.
First, when selecting spider species for breeding, it's best to choose local varieties that are well-suited for family farming. High-value species include Tarantulas, Black Widow Spiders, Argiope spiders, and Cave-dwelling Tarantulas. Non-venomous species like Chinese Tarantulas and Big-circled Spiders are also economically valuable. Large-scale breeding of Tarantulas is particularly profitable. Liu Jie and Liu Huimin mainly raise burrowing wolf spiders, larynx spiders, big-bellied spiders, white-fronted giant crab spiders, and Tarantulas.
Second, breeding sites can be either indoor or outdoor. For large-scale farming, wooden boxes, cement ponds, or outdoor sheds can be used. Small-scale breeding can be done using shaded areas, glass jars, or cans. The tools vary depending on the spider’s behavior.
For example, small spiders can be raised in jars or bottles with double-layer gauze covering the opening. Inside, a zigzag paper or small sticks are added for climbing and hiding. Another method involves raising spiders in three-dimensional cages made of plastic mesh. Each cage is 20 cm in size, with a circular hole for operation and adjustable straps to secure the cage. Alternatively, wooden or steel-bar cages can be used, stacked in multiple layers to save space. A 20-square-meter area can house up to 1,000 spiders.
For burrowing spiders, pond-style breeding is effective. Bricks are used to build pools of 50 cm in width and height, filled halfway with soil. Artificial caves are created inside, covered with wire mesh and equipped with small observation and feeding doors. This method is ideal for Tarantulas and burrowing wolf spiders.
Third, feeding methods vary depending on the scale. Single spiders can be kept in individual containers, while groups can be raised in larger enclosures. To prevent cannibalism, stems like wheat stalks or branches should be added to reduce direct contact. Spiders of the same species and size should be grouped together to avoid stronger individuals preying on weaker ones.
Spiders are primarily carnivorous, feeding on insects such as aphids, cockroaches, butterflies, flies, and mealworms. For large-scale farming, setting up an insect farm is recommended. Liu Jie has established a fly-breeding facility. In addition, artificial diets like milk or egg yolk can be fed once a week. With proper care and management, spider farming can be both sustainable and highly profitable.
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