In order to ensure high yields and boost corn production this year, while achieving the set target for corn output, the expert team from Dongping County, Shandong Province, after in-depth discussions, has developed a series of technical strategies aimed at maximizing productivity. These measures are based on past experiences and field tests conducted with local farmers.
**First, the foundation for planning**
During last year’s agricultural science and technology demonstration project focused on maize cultivation, Dongping County promoted six key technologies, which significantly reduced costs and improved efficiency. Among these, the application of formula fertilization was particularly well-received by participating households. To address challenges related to high corn yields, the expert group visited several demonstration farms and established high-yield trials on small and medium-sized plots. These efforts led to notable improvements in productivity.
For instance, Xizhaoyue, a technology demonstration household in Dayang Township, applied 100 kg of formula fertilizer per mu and added 50 kg of urea. This resulted in a yield of 1,600 kg per mu, a 400 kg increase over the previous year's average of 1,200 kg. The net economic benefit rose by 190 yuan, with an input-output ratio of 1:4.8. Similarly, Tang Hukai, a farmer in Xinhu Township, used 100 kg of formula fertilizer and added 20 kg of urea during the big bell mouth stage. His average yield reached 1,470 kg per mu, an increase of 270 kg compared to the previous year. His net profit per mu increased by 124 yuan, with an impressive input-output ratio of 1:7.2. These results clearly show that proper nitrogen application is essential for achieving higher yields.
**Second, Fertilization Technology**
(1) **Top-dressing Amount**: Based on the test outcomes and the growth characteristics of corn, combined with the 2006 science and technology guidelines, it is recommended that demonstration households and corn growers implement staged fertilization, increasing nitrogen fertilizer usage appropriately. The following guidelines are suggested:
- **Core Demonstration Area and High-Yield Research Field**: Three stages of top-dressing are required. For every 100 kg of grain produced, 3 kg of nitrogen (N), 1 kg of phosphorus (Pâ‚‚Oâ‚…), and 2 kg of potassium (Kâ‚‚O) are needed. In the early bell mouth stage, apply corn formula fertilizer. During the big bell mouth stage, add 25 kg of urea per mu. After tasseling, apply 10 kg of urea as a grain-filling fertilizer. If no formula fertilizer is used in the early stage, all phosphorus, potassium, and zinc should be applied once, with 40% of total nitrogen applied at that time. Then, 50% of the total nitrogen is applied during the big bell mouth stage, and 10% after tasseling. This helps improve leaf photosynthesis, strengthen grain filling, and increase grain weight.
- **Demonstration and Radiation Households**: Most adopt a single top-dressing approach. Apply formula fertilizer during the early bell mouth stage, and add 25 kg of urea per mu during the big bell mouth stage. If no formula fertilizer is used, apply all phosphorus, potassium, and zinc at once, with 40% of the total nitrogen at that time. Then, 50–60% of the nitrogen is applied during the big bell mouth stage, and 10% after tasseling if conditions allow.
- **General Corn Cultivation**: Typically, all phosphorus, potassium, and zinc are applied once during the early bell mouth stage, with 40% of the total nitrogen used at that time. Then, 60% of the nitrogen is applied during the big bell mouth stage.
(2) **Top-dressing Method**: Apply fertilizer 10–15 cm away from the corn plant, at a depth of 12–15 cm. Avoid spreading or watering immediately after application. Water as needed after top-dressing to ensure proper absorption.
These strategies not only enhance yield but also improve resource efficiency and profitability for farmers. By following these scientifically tested methods, local corn growers can achieve sustainable and profitable production.
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