How to plant a small eggplant

The area of vegetable production in China has experienced rapid growth, leading to a nearly saturated market for traditional vegetables. In response, some farmers are now exploring new income sources by cultivating innovative crops such as pocket vegetables and ornamental vegetables. These unique varieties offer potential for higher profits and diversified farming opportunities. To meet the growing interest from readers, this edition will provide detailed information on the cultivation techniques of these emerging vegetables. Today, we focus on the early spring cultivation methods of the pocket eggplant. **Early Spring Cultivation Techniques** In North China, early spring cultivation typically uses facilities like solar greenhouses, plastic sheds, small arch sheds, or windbreak structures. The choice of facility depends on insulation needs and local climate conditions. For example, in solar greenhouses with slightly lower insulation, sowing is done in early November, with seedlings ready for transplanting after 110–120 days. Planting occurs in mid-February, and harvesting takes place in mid-to-late April. In electric hotbeds, sowing starts in early December, with a shorter seedling period of about 70 days. In plastic greenhouses, sowing usually begins around mid-December, with planting in late March and harvest in early May. For open seedbeds, sowing is in mid-January, with planting in mid-March. Windbreak Yangshuo cultivation involves sowing in late November, planting in late February, and harvesting in late April. When using small plastic sheds, sowing is earlier than in full plastic greenhouses, but planting occurs 7–10 days later. To ensure healthy seedling development, electric hotbeds are recommended, with a power density of 100 watts per square meter in North China. Seed treatment is crucial: seeds should be soaked in warm water (50°C–55°C) or 1% formalin solution for 15–20 minutes, then rinsed and dried. After soaking for 4–6 hours, they are placed in a constant temperature box at 30°C during the day and 18°C at night for germination, which takes about 5–7 days. Sowing should take place in the morning, ideally following a few warm days. Soil should be moistened to a depth of 10–12 cm before sowing, with 7–10 grams of seeds per square meter. About 30–40 grams per hectare are needed. Cover seeds with 1–1.5 cm of soil and cover with plastic film, adding grasshoppers at night for insulation. During the seedling stage, maintain daytime temperatures between 25°C and 30°C, and nighttime temperatures between 16°C and 20°C. Once seedlings emerge, gradually lower the temperature to prevent leggy growth. Keep daytime temperatures at 25°C and nighttime at 15°C. Cold bed seedlings take 60–80 days, while hotbed seedlings take about 30 days. Seedlings can be transplanted into greenhouses or well-insulated Yangshuos. If possible, use nutrient-separated seedlings, spaced 10 cm apart. Five to seven days before transplanting, increase ventilation and lower temperatures to harden off the seedlings. Plant when the ground temperature at 10 cm depth reaches above 12°C. Two weeks before planting, cover the facility with plastic and grasshoppers to raise the temperature. Transplant on a sunny morning, ensuring roots are not damaged. Plant spacing is 40 cm x 50 cm, with planting depth slightly deeper than the original seedbed. Water immediately after planting and cover with plastic and grasshoppers at night. Field management includes maintaining high temperatures inside the facility, cleaning the film for better light, and keeping the temperature between 25°C and 30°C during the day, and 15°C to 20°C at night. After acclimation, reduce temperature slightly but keep it above 25°C during the day and 15°C at night. When the soil dries slightly, cultivate the soil on a sunny day. During the fruiting stage, maintain a temperature range of 25°C to 30°C during the day and 15°C to 18°C at night. Use shading and ventilation to regulate temperature. On sunny days, allow 5–6 hours of natural light. Harvesting should occur before the "sola" (the part where the sepal meets the fruit) closes. Harvest in the morning or evening, avoiding noon when the skin darkens and the fruit becomes less durable. **Varieties of Pocket Eggplants** 1. **Feather Black Mouth Pill**: Small leaves, tall stems, short internodes, and branches spread out. Fruits are long and oval, dark purple, weighing about 10 grams. Early maturing, ready for harvest 10 days after flowering. 2. **Shan Zichang Long Eggplant**: Semi-upright plant, more lateral branches, large leaves, short internodes. Fruit length 15–16 cm, weight 50–55 g. 3. **Bride Eggplant**: Strong growth, short and open plant shape, blue stem, lavender flowers, early and long fruiting. Fruit is straight, 18–22 cm long, 3–3.5 cm in diameter, weighing about 90 g. White base, red vertical stripes, white flesh, delicate texture. Resistant to bacterial wilt. 4. **Pills Eggplant**: Fruits weigh below 50 g, with varied colors including purple-black, white, green, and red. Round or oval in shape. **Winter Cultivation Techniques** Winter cultivation primarily occurs in solar greenhouses with good insulation. Sowing takes place from late August to mid-September, with seedlings planted in greenhouses from late October to early November. Harvesting begins around mid-December and continues until the following year’s fall. Nursery beds should be built in windbreak Yangshuos or small arch sheds. Seed treatment and sowing methods are similar to early spring cultivation. Water immediately after emergence and transplant timely. When seedlings have 1–2 true leaves, they should be divided into separate pots, spaced 10 cm apart. After transplanting, shade them during midday to prevent sunburn. Water every 5–7 days, keeping the soil moist but not soggy. Apply compound fertilizer every 10–15 days if needed. During winter seedling stages, manage temperature by ventilating or shading in the early phase, and covering with film in the late phase to avoid cold damage. Five to seven days before transplanting, reduce ventilation to acclimate the plants. Planting requires a large amount of organic basal fertilizer, combined with deep plowing. Apply 75,000–100,000 kg of organic fertilizer per hectare, plus 750 kg of superphosphate or compound fertilizer. Create raised beds 13 cm high, 50 cm wide, and 60 cm between rows. Plant two lines per bed, with 38 cm x 50 cm spacing. Mulch after planting and water thoroughly. Light management is crucial in winter due to short daylight hours. Clean plastic films regularly to improve light transmission. Temperature control is essential; cover with plastic and grasshoppers when night temperatures drop below 13°C. Maintain 25°C–30°C during the day and 15°C or higher at night. Additional measures like small arches or antifreeze sprays can enhance cold resistance. Fertilizer management is divided into six stages: flowering, winter dormancy, early spring harvest, full harvest, late harvest, and autumn peak. Each stage requires specific fertilization and watering schedules to support optimal growth. Harvesting should be done early to conserve nutrients and promote continued growth. Proper timing ensures high-quality yields and sustainable production.

Reagent Strips For Urinalysis

Urinalysis test strips refer to test strips that test for bilirubin, urobilinogen, ketone bodies, ascorbic acid, glucose, protein (albumin), blood cells, PH, etc. in urine.
Detection principle
1. pH: The pH value in the range of 5-9 is measured by the pH indicator, and the pH value of the fresh urine of a normal person is between 5-7.
2. Nitrite: The reaction is based on the reduction of nitrate to nitrite by Gram-positive bacteria in the urine. The nitrite reacts with p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid to form diazonium compounds, which are then combined with N-(1-naphthalene) )-3 aminopropanesulfonate combined with a pink color.
3. Glucose: According to the reaction principle of glucose oxidase, glucose oxidase specifically oxidizes glucose to generate glucuronic acid and hydrogen peroxide. Under the action of hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide oxidizes the indicator and turns color. .
Classification
Urinalysis test strips are divided into visual series and machine series. The visual inspection series is divided into several models according to different inspection items; the machine inspection series is divided into several models according to different applicable instruments.
1. Classification by measurement method
1) Visual inspection series
When observing the result, compare the color with the standard color code within the time specified on the color code, judge and read the result.
2) Machine test series.
For instrument operation, refer to the instruction manual of the Urine Analyzer used.
2. According to the number of measurement items
There are single-item, 2-item, 4-item and multiple test strips. Currently, 10-item or 11-item multiple test strips are most commonly used in hospitals.
3. Classification by structure
Urinalysis test strips with single-layer membrane structure and multi-layer membrane structure.

Urine Reagent Strips,Urine Test Strip,Urine Sugar Strip Test,Visual Urine Analysis Strips

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