Harvesting and processing of magnolia flowers typically begins in early April, with warmer regions seeing blooms earlier and mountainous or colder areas experiencing later flowering. Once the buds open, it's important to harvest them promptly. When picking the flowers, they should be carefully removed from each flowering stem without damaging the branches, as this could affect the yield for the following year. After harvesting, the flowers are spread out in the sun during the day and gathered in the evening. Once they are partially dried, they are stacked for 1–2 days before being fully dried. In case of rain, they can be dried using anthracite or charcoal. Once completely dry, the flowers should be stacked again for 1–2 days before undergoing final baking to ensure complete dryness inside the flower buds.
Magnolia flowers are slightly smaller than those of the magnolia tree but have a pleasant fragrance. They bloom in early spring, standing upright and elegant, making them ideal for decorating gardens and green spaces. The fine grain of the wood makes it suitable for high-quality woodworking. Additionally, the leaves, stems, and roots of the magnolia contain compounds such as willow magnolia, while the bark contains magnolia amines, which have toxic effects, similar to arrow poisons.
In terms of medical applications, magnolia buds contain volatile oils, with a content ranging from 1% to 1.2%. The main components of these oils include furfural, cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and olein. According to traditional uses, magnolia buds have a pungent and warm nature. They are used to treat symptoms such as nasal congestion, headaches, and sinusitis.
For example, a combination of 0.0099 kg of magnolia flowers and 0.0099 kg of Chuanxiong (a type of ligusticum root) is used to treat cold-induced headaches and clear nasal passages. Another formula includes 0.002 kg of magnolia buds and 0.006 kg of perilla leaves, which helps relieve cold-related headaches by opening up the nasal passages. A more complex decoction consists of 0.009 kg each of Magnolia Barbata and Radix Paeoniae Alba, along with 0.006 kg of mint and Xanthium, all boiled together to treat rhinitis and runny nose caused by colds. These traditional formulas highlight the long-standing use of magnolia in herbal medicine.
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