Needed Fertilizer Characteristics and Fertilization Technology of Kidney Bean

Kidney beans, also known as kidney beans and green beans, are widely grown in China's north and south legumes, served with tender oysters. In recent years, in addition to the small sheds and greenhouses, the bean cultivation area in the greenhouse has been expanding in the protected cultivation of kidney beans. Therefore, it plays an important role in the annual production.

1. Need fertilizer characteristics

The bean root system is relatively developed and requires growth in loose, fertile, drained and well-permeated soils. The ability of navy beans to resist salinity is poor, especially the chloride-containing salts. After the bean seedlings are unearthed, the root system can quickly absorb various nutrients from the soil. With the growth of plants, nutrient uptake increased gradually and was stored in stems and leaves, and when the flowering results were reached, the accumulation amount reached a maximum value. However, after the soybean meal elongation period, the nutrients stored in the stems and leaves are rapidly transferred to the soybean meal for their growth needs. The dwarf species have a greater transfer rate than the creeping species. It should be pointed out that the management of fertilizer and water in the pod-filling stage is just as important as the management of the fertilizer and water during the vegetative growth period, and it cannot be ignored, especially the creeping kidney beans.

The most absorbing element of the kidney bean from the soil is potassium, followed by nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and boron. Although the plants need more nitrogen, after the nodule formation, most of the nitrogen can be provided by nitrogen fixed in the air by Rhizobium. In spite of this, insufficient soil nitrogen supply also affects the growth and yield of kidney beans. According to studies, boron and molybdenum have a good promoting effect on the growth and development of kidney beans and the vitality of rhizobia. Therefore, spraying multiple fertilizers on the leaves can not only increase the yield of kidney bean, but also improve its quality.

2. Fertilization technology

(1) Fertilization of vine beans. The bean growing period and the soybean meal harvesting period are relatively long, and the nutrient absorption is large. Therefore, it is required to apply basal fertilizer, which is usually combined with soil preparation and ploughing after the application of organic fertilizer to make the soil fertility blend. Each hectare can be used to produce 45,000 to 60,000 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizer, together with the appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer or ternary compound fertilizer.

The bean generally does not need to be topdressing at the seedling stage, but the thin soil on which the available nitrogen content is relatively low should also be appropriately topped with the seedling fertilizer, otherwise it will affect the normal growth of the seedlings.

During the period of differentiation from flower buds to pods, C. oleifera beans gradually increase the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. However, in order to prevent stems and leaves from being long and causing flowering, top dressing should be based on the nutrient requirements of each bean growing period. The first top-dressing is carried out in the group stage, and 15% to 20% per hectare can be used to decompose 12,000 to 15,000 kilograms of manure, livestock and poultry manure or a considerable amount of nitrogen fertilizer to promote lateral branching, increase the number of flowers, and increase the number of scabs. .

The second top-dressing fertilizer was applied to the vine after sitting in the kennel, and 45 kg of three-element compound fertilizer and 15% of decomposed human, poultry, and manure water were applied per hectare to promote the growth of the plant and accelerate the tenderness and tenderness.

In the middle and late stages of harvesting, the third topdressing was performed with 150-225 kg urea applied per hectare. This topdressing can allow the plants to germinate new side vines under a good nutritional condition, flowering and scabbing, and can also promote the flowering of the main vines.

(2) Fertilization of dwarf bean. Dwarf beans have shorter growth periods than harvested beans and have a concentrated harvesting period. In the case of applying basal fertilizer, it is generally no longer top-dressing. The basal manure is applied to 45 000-52 500 kg of manure per hectare, and is supplemented with 450 kg of Sanyuan compound fertilizer or appropriate application of elemental nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers.

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