Cyclamens are semi-cold-resistant flower bulbs, and their fertility cycle is longer, generally more than 10-12 months. Therefore, even if sterile soilless cultivation (medium cultivation) is used, it will inevitably cause diseases. The following is a brief introduction of the two most frequent cyclamen bacterial diseases. Bacterial soft rot: Pathogenic bacteria travel through the soil with the diseased body. In the following year, they were invaded by wounds through rainwater, irrigation water, and insects. Rainy days or when the water is not dry when the leaves or insect pests occur frequently when the disease is severe. Symptoms showed uneven yellowing of the leaves, followed by the entire plant tripping. Most petioles showed edema. Some of the petiole's petiole became black, and oily watery spots along the opposite sides of the leaves developed along the veins; the plants were easily separated from the stems and leaves. The bulbs were softly rotted, milky in color, and foul-smelling; some bulbs were cracked after winter, and white milky pus was observed on the cracks. Bacterial leaf rot: The main route of transmission is soil infection. The wounds that are generated from the management operations are invaded, and high temperature and humidity are prone to disease. Symptoms manifest mainly on leaves, petioles, buds, and bulbs. They initially develop water-soaked spots at the base of the petiole and then turn dark brown and start to rot, spreading to the bulbs, causing the bulbs to connect to the growth spot and become brown and rot. At the point of growth, the leaf margins of the leaves are wilting, the new leaves are mottled and yellow, the petiole is partially rotted, and the young shoots become black and withered; some oily patches appear on the base of the back part of the leaves, and further rot inside the bulbs forms depressions without odor. Control methods: Potassium and nitrogen are less likely to cause bacterial diseases. Plant root growth, leaf length, excessive shading, excessive fluctuations in fertilization levels, and excessive temperature swings can easily lead to weakened plant resistance, resulting in excessive stomata or Causes wounds, causing bacteria to invade. First of all, in the vegetative growth stage, the proportion of nitrogen and potassium is required to be maintained at about 1:2, the water content is controlled, the light is strengthened, and the plants are robust and the resistance is improved. Second, the greenhouse must be regularly sterilized, such as fumigation with sulfur, etc., to reduce the density of bacteria. In addition, the operation should be standardized as much as possible to reduce mechanical damage, clearing the leaves should be selected in sunny days, after the bulbs for drug protection. Also pay attention to pest control. For susceptible plants, we must clear the greenhouse as soon as possible, and at the same time strengthen the disinfection of utensils to avoid cross infection. The copper preparations for drug control can be used as a protective agent for routine prevention. In areas where disease has occurred, the antibiotic agent streptomycin can be selected.
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