Dried chili pepper is a vegetable and condiment that enhances the taste of people in life, and is also one of the important agricultural and sideline products for export. Dry pepper is also the preferred cash crop for mountain farmers to get rid of poverty. Its high quality and high yield cultivation techniques are as follows: 1. There are three main requirements for the selection of species selection varieties: First, the fruit color should be bright red, plus it should not fade after drying; Second, there is a deep spicy taste; Third, the dry matter content is high. . 2, nursery 2.1 seedbed selection. Choose leeward sunny, loose and fertile, well drained and irrigated. In the last two years, the plots of solanaceous crops have not been planted as seedbeds, and the nutrient soils have been prepared at the ratio of 4:6, ie 4 parts of decomposed organic Fertilizer; 6 parts of Datian mature soil, plus 0.3% compound fertilizer. Add 50% carbendazim WP 100g and mix, according to the width of 1.5 meters wide, 5 to 10 meters long for scorpion. 2.2 sowing. In early March, soil preparation for seedling cultivation, leveling and sifting through the bottom water, select full, shiny seeds evenly sowing, 1 square meter sowing 15 grams, with 120-150 grams per acre. Then cover with fine sifted soil cover species, to be evenly leveled, 1-2 cm thick, then cover a layer of loose hair, a layer of mulch film, warming and moisturizing to promote emergence. 2.3 Seedling management. 6-10 days after sowing can be seedling emergence, when 70% of the seedlings unearthed, timely removal of loose hair and mulch, usually 5 to 7 days watering once, to prevent bed seedlings dry seedling damage, but the seedbed humidity should not be too large, So as not to root and induce other diseases. Remove deformity and sick and weak seedlings to prevent and control pests and diseases. L0 days before planting, generally do not water, in order to control the main root system development, transplanting 1 day before pouring water, easy to raise seedlings. 3, transplanting 3.1 soil preparation fertilization. The plot was selected as a plot for the cultivation of dry peppers. The former crop should be a non-solanum crop. Winter plowing should be conducted as soon as possible to kill pathogens and parasites in the soil. The mountainous terrain is generally sloped, with heavy earthy sand, less drought resistance, and less Organic Matter content. The granule structure is poor and the nutrient content is insufficient. Pigs, cattle and sheep, manure, chicken manure, human and animal manure should be reused to increase organic matter content. Each mu of compost organic fertilizer 2600-3300 kg, 20 kg of calcium, 50 kg of potassium sulfate, sprinkled on the surface, ploughed when buried in the soil. 3.2 Colonization. It is usually planted in early May. The dry pepper seedlings should be planted with small seedlings, 15 cm in height, 8-10 leaves, thick green stems, and white roots. When the rainy season arrives, the land will be transplanted in time and selected for sunny afternoons or cloudy days. Mountainous thin and thin, in order to increase production, should be a reasonable close planting. Using wide and narrow rows of cultivation, width 70 cm, narrow row 50 cm, 30 cm spacing, planting 3,700 acres per acre, planting 2 plants per acre, and pouring enough water after planting. 4, field management 4.1 seedlings fill shortages. After the pepper seedlings are planted, they must be watered in the first 3 days in time to check for seedlings. Due to unreasonable colonization, watering is not timely, rain, insects, pests, etc., may cause damage to seedlings, and must be carefully checked in time to make up for lack of seedlings. 4.2 top dressing. To combine cultivating and weeding, after the easing of seedlings, fertilizers are promptly applied to raise the seedlings. 800 kilos of manure urine per acre, plus 10 kilograms of urea, so that the chili tree vigor restored as soon as possible. Steady application of flower bud fertilizer, generally 800 kg of human urine per animal, do not need to increase nitrogen fertilizer, spray a 0.1% to 0.2% borax aqueous solution to promote plant branching, flowering, fruit set. Reuse of fruit fertilizer, usually 150 kilos of livestock manure per acre, plus 5 kg of potassium fertilizer, 5 kg of urea, pouring 2-3 times, fertilizer should be avoided when the fertilizer falls on the plant to prevent burning leaves, During the whole growth period, 0.3%-0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be sprayed 2-3 times, and the foliar fertilizer should not be applied 15 days before harvesting. 4.3 cultivating earth. After the pepper seedlings are revived, an cultivator should be taken every 7-10 days. The depth and scope of the cultivator should be deepened and expanded as the pepper grows. Each cultivator is based on the premise that the soil is loosened and the roots are not damaged. The last time the cultivator was in front of the seal line, it required a large depth and it was not possible to approach the plants in order to prevent root damage. In combination with cultivator, weeding should be carried out. Generally, the soil in the row is planted on both sides of the roots of the plants so that the roots are ridged, so as to increase soil fertility and preserve earthworms, increase resistance to heavy storms, and make lodging difficult. 4.4 water drought. Although dry peppers have strong drought-resistance, they must be water-irrigated in soils with scarce rain and dry seasons and low water retention capacity. Before flowering and setting fruit, water once every 3-4 days to keep the soil moist. After the fruit is set, it should be drained and flooded in summer in high temperature and rainy season. 4.5 to prevent falling flowers. One is that the temperature is too high or too low to cause flowering; on the other hand, if nitrogen fertilizer is used too much and the plants are too long, it can also cause flower fall. Prevention measures: First, select the best varieties with strong resistance to diseases and stress resistance; secondly, close-fitting plants; and third, rational fertilization and irrigation. 4.6 pest and disease control. In the early stage of the disease, 64% anti-disease wettable powder 500 times, or 72.2% Prokary® 800 times, or 25% metalaxyl wettable powder. 1000 times liquid spray control, in the middle and later period, it was found that the central diseased plant was combined with watering the roots of the diseased plants; 75% of chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times, or 80% of anthraquinone omeprazole 800 times, or 50% of the anthrax early stage. Thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 800 times, or 70% mancozeb zinc wettable powder 500 times spray control. The pests mainly include aphids, cotton bollworms, and tobacco budworms, and fleas. The locusts were sprayed with a 40% dimethoate emulsion (esterified) 1000 times and controlled once every 15 days. H. armigera and H. assultarum were treated with 2.5% dichlormic EC, or 50% zinc sulfate EC 2000-4000. Anthraquinones are treated with 20% dicofol EC or 40% phosphoric amidosulfate EC. 5, harvesting dried chili pepper is harvested, the general fruit purple red when the fruit with a one-time harvest, each 8-10 strain into a hand, hanging indoors to dry, and then pick the listing.
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