Water storage and shellfish farming is typically established in the high-tide area of the Inner Bay beach. This method involves a type of pond culture used for raising intertidal shellfish. The so-called semi-impounded pond system allows water to enter during high tide, while retaining some water level after the tide recedes. Currently, the main species cultivated include shellfish, clams, mud snails, mussels, and rainbow clams.
One of the key advantages of this technique is that it expands the available farming area by effectively utilizing high-tide zones and abandoned tidal flats. It also enhances the availability of food organisms during low tides, which extends the feeding time for shellfish, increases their food intake, and accelerates their growth rate, thereby shortening the farming cycle. Additionally, it improves the breeding environment, boosts survival rates, reduces seed costs, and ultimately increases economic returns. As a result, water storage and shellfish cultivation is an effective and efficient aquaculture method.
This approach offers several benefits, such as fast growth, low predation risk, high survival rates, high yields, ease of management, and flexible site requirements. It is considered a promising direction for the future of shellfish aquaculture.
**Site Selection and Pond Construction**
**(I) Site Selection**
The ideal location for water storage and shellfish farming should be one that can be submerged during high tide. It should have a relatively flat topography, calm waters, and minimal wave action. The site should be free from pollution sources such as industrial or domestic wastewater. The substrate should be suitable for the specific shellfish species being raised, ensuring optimal living conditions.
**(II) Pond Construction**
The size of the pond should be adapted to local conditions, with a typical size ranging between 10 to 20 acres. The embankment height should be between 0.5 to 1.5 meters, ideally 0.8 to 1.2 meters, with a base width of 3 to 5 meters. The embankments must be strong and durable, with an arched outer side to resist erosion. On the inner side, structures like windbreaks or inflow channels should be reinforced, especially in areas with strong waves. In such cases, stone embankments are recommended due to their durability and cost-effectiveness.
The pond should include a ring ditch, central ditch, and branch ditches, each with a width of 0.5 to 1.0 meters and a depth of 0.2 to 0.3 meters. The layout of the ditches depends on the size of the culture area, but generally, a ring ditch is sufficient. One or two inlet and outlet points should be placed at the bottom of the pond, directly connected to the outer ditch. The outer ditch serves as the main channel for water exchange. Gates can be installed at the inlets and outlets, with sizes ranging from 0.8 to 1.1 meters. The pond floor should be flat, with firm and soft clay to support shellfish growth. The embankments must be well-constructed to prevent water leakage. The sediment in the pond is best composed of sand or sandy soil.
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