Autumn's cool weather offers an excellent opportunity for goats to boost their breeding and reproductive success. To ensure optimal health and productivity, proper management practices should be emphasized during this season.
During the day, goats should graze in the early morning and late evening when temperatures are cooler. It’s important to extend grazing time, while allowing them to rest in shaded areas for 1–2 hours around midday. In the evening, once they’ve had enough to eat, they should return to the barn. Water should be provided twice daily to maintain hydration and support digestion.
In addition to grazing, feeding should be carefully managed. During the day, goats can graze freely, but at night, they should receive a balanced diet of nutritious and palatable feed such as corn, soybean meal, and bran. Pregnant does should be fed 0.5–1 kg per day, while young goats require about 0.5–0.7 kg daily to support healthy growth.
Salt is essential for goats’ overall health. Each goat should consume 5–15 grams of salt per day. It’s recommended to mix the salt with a 1% solution and offer it before grazing in the morning, and again after grazing in the afternoon to encourage drinking.
Parasite control is crucial in the fall. Internal parasites like nematodes, trematodes, and coccidia often occur together. A deworming treatment with albendazole at a dose of 15 mg per kg of body weight, administered orally, is effective. For external parasites such as fleas and lice, applying pine needle powder or a 1% trichlorfon solution can help. Subcutaneous insecticide injections may also be used for more severe infestations.
Vaccination and disease prevention are key in autumn. Goats should be vaccinated against common infectious diseases. The barn should be kept clean by regularly removing manure and maintaining dry, sanitary conditions. Disinfecting with a 2% sodium hydroxide solution helps prevent the spread of pathogens. Regular health checks and timely treatment of other illnesses are also necessary.
The best time for breeding is between September and October. During this period, female goats are more fertile, with increased ovulation rates and higher chances of successful pregnancy. Does should be at least 1.2–1.5 years old and weigh around 25 kg before breeding. Signs of estrus include swelling of the genital area, discharge from the vagina, frequent licking, and behavioral changes. Estrus typically lasts 1–2 days, and breeding is most effective 30 hours after the onset of heat. However, Boer goats often do not show obvious signs of estrus, so close observation is essential to avoid missing the breeding window.
Group management is important during the breeding season. Male and female goats should be separated to avoid disturbances that can affect mating success and lead to unintended pregnancies. Keeping them in separate groups ensures better focus on grazing, resting, and overall well-being, reducing the risk of complications such as abortion.
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