The cultivation of rainbow trout in paddy fields is a breeding and combining project that makes full use of water resources, increases output per unit area, adjusts the structure of the agricultural industry, and increases the income of farmers. The use of rainbow trout within a paddy field to cultivate rice fields can eliminate pests and weeds in rice fields, saving manpower and material resources for removing insects and weeds in rice fields. In addition, as the fish moves in the field, they can loosen the soil. The fish's excrement contains a large amount of nitrogen, which also provides fertilizer for rice production, so it can increase rice production by 5% to 15%, and can produce rainbow trout 30 kg per mu. 50 kilograms, other adult fish 50 kilograms to 75 kilograms, mu can increase the output value of 800 yuan to 1,200 yuan, and increase the profit of 400 yuan to 700 yuan. The breeding techniques are briefly described as follows: 1. Paddy fields selected for rice paddy cultivation should be carefully selected. Generally, suitable and stable water sources, fresh and non-polluting water, convenient drainage and drainage, good water retention performance, convenient transportation and water conservancy facilities should be selected. A good plot, with an area of ​​1 mu to 5 mu, is suitable for convenient management of planting and breeding. The ridge height is 80 cm to 100 cm, and the width is 40 cm to 50 cm to ensure the impoundment and escape prevention performance. Second, the field finishing Before the fish species stocking, the field must be organized, mainly to do the excavation of the fish gills and fish ditch: 1. Excavated fish gills generally 1 mu ~ 5 acres of the field can be dug the fish 2 One to three, built in the middle of the rice field and on the side of the field, were excavated to a square, and were 1 meter to 1.2 meters deep, and connected to the center fish ditch. Generally, the fish gills accounted for about 15% of the total area of ​​the rice fields. 2. Excavate the fish ditch at a distance of 1m to 1.5m from the inside of the ridge and excavate the outer ring groove. The groove width is 0.6m and the depth is 0.8m to 1m. Then the groove width is excavated in the outer ring groove field surface. 0.5m deep and 0.6m to 0.8m deep trenches, depending on the size of the field and dug into "10" shape or "well" shape, with the outer ring groove. When excavating the ring ditch, earthwork can be used to heighten and reinforce the field hoe, compacting to prevent leakage. Barriers should be set at the entrance and exit of the plots to prevent escape and prevent the entry of harmful organisms into the pool. Third, rice cultivation Rice cultivation should pay attention to the following aspects: 1. Variety selection Rice varieties should choose hard stems, lodging resistance, disease resistance, strong fertility and high yield varieties; 2. Early seedling nursery and transplanting as early as possible, the most Fortunately, before June 15 to plug in, in order to put fish into the pool as soon as possible; 3. Reasonable planting rice per acre planting the total number of points in the 25,000 bundles around, in order to ensure the harvest of paddy fields, interplanting when taking a wide and narrow close planting, Make use of edge advantages to increase planting densities along the side of the trench. 4. Pay attention to irrigation to ensure the safety of the rainbow trout. Maintain a certain water level in the trough and the drying time should not be too long. 5. Scientific fertilization is mainly based on organic fertilizer. When paddy fields are plowed, 200 kg of organic fertilizer is applied per acre, and more base fertilizer is applied. The fertilizer should be applied for a small number of times, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be lower than conventional fish, and generally should be reduced by 10% to 15%. 6. The prevention and control of rice pests and diseases should be based on ecological control, pesticides should be used with high efficiency, low toxicity and low residue. Varieties, use of highly toxic pesticides. Herbicides in paddy fields should be used sparingly and should be extracted. The spraying method is used when the medicine is used, the powder is sprayed when the dew is not dry in the morning, and the liquid is sprayed after the dew is dry. The spray is sprayed upwards as the spray sprays, spraying as much as possible on the foliage, reducing the amount of drug that falls into the water. Fill the field water before spraying, change the water promptly after application, and avoid spraying before the rain, so as not to affect the safety of the fish. Fourth, when the fish species are stocked in paddy fields to cultivate rainbow trout, they should pay attention to scientific stocking, and mainly grasp the following three aspects: 1. Stocking preparation After the rice field field project is completed, 2 weeks before stocking, use 75 kg to 100 kg of calcined water per acre. Sprinkle in the fish gills, fish ditch, and field blocks for disinfection. The next day, use a spade and other tools to shake the gills, gutters, and the bottom of the field to fully mix the lime slurry with the sludge. One week before release, the fermented livestock and poultry manure was applied for fertilizer and water. The amount of 200 kg per mu was used to cultivate natural food in water. 2. The stocking time is generally about 5 days after the rice is transplanted, and it is stocked when the seedlings return to green. In order to increase the growth period of fish, some places will put fish into the fish gills and fish ditch in mid-May. It is also a good idea to open the ditch and fish into the fields after the seedlings return to green. 3. The stocking method is the first choice of fish species, should choose a healthy, strong activity, disease-free without injury, specifications and tidy fish. The second is that the stocking density should be reasonable. Generally, a rainbow trout species of 5 cm to 6 cm can be put into 200 to 300 tails per acre, and if it can be cast and fertilized, it can be increased to 300 to 400 tails per acre, with grass carp and carp. Wait for home fish 150 to 200. The specific amount of stocking can be flexibly controlled according to conditions of rice fields, water quality environment, drainage and irrigation conditions and management levels. Finally, the stocking operation should be standardized. Fish should be disinfected before entering the pool. Generally, 3% to 5% salt water is used to bathe the fish for 5 minutes to 10 minutes. The temperature difference between the temperature of the fish species and the temperature in the middle of the fish should not exceed 3°C, and the temperature of the fish should be adjusted until it is basically the same. The time for fish release should be in the morning or evening on a sunny day. Do not put fish on a rainy day or in a sunny day. V. Daily Management 1. Feeding of rainbow trout is very widespread. It is omnivorous fish dominated by vegetable feed, and it is very bulimia and has a large food intake. Under the conditions of paddy field cultivation, various feeds can be fed, such as wheat, corn, and cake pancakes, which are all high quality feeds. Such as the larger scale of cultivation, under the conditions permitting, can feed the full-price compound feed, the formula of the full-price compound feed is: fish meal 30%, bean cake 20%, flour 15%, corn flour 15%, bran 15%, 2.5% of yeast, 2% of minerals, and 0.5% of vitamins. The content of protein in feed must reach 35% or more. The protein content in the initial feed should be 32% to 35%, and the daily feed volume should be 3% to 5% of the total fish body weight. When the individual specifications grow to about 200 grams, the amount of feed can be adjusted to 2% of the total fish body weight and ensure that the protein content in the feed is between 27% and 29%. When the individual reaches about 300 grams, the rainbow trout enters the period of fastest growth, daily feed is maintained at 1% to 2% of the fish's body weight, and the protein content of feed is above 35%. Can be self-mixed, but it is best processed into pellets. At the same time, feed at least once a week to improve the deficiency of vitamin C in feed. In the feeding method, we must emphasize the "four principles" principle. Rainbow cockroach grows fastest at 25°C～34°C, and it should increase the amount of feeding; it should reduce or stop feeding when it is rainy, hot and other bad weather. Feed 2 times a day at 8 am to 9 am and 3 pm to 4 pm. 2. Temperature regulation of rainbow water temperature range is 20 °C ~ 35 °C, the optimum temperature is 25 °C ~ 34 °C, when the temperature drops below 16 °C, rarely eat or stop eating, the lowest temperature of its survival is 4 °C, the highest The temperature is 42°C. Although its temperature capability is stronger than that of other tilapia species, its temperature should be controlled within its appropriate temperature range to create conditions for its rapid and healthy growth. 3. Water quality regulation After the fish species is put in the field, the pool water is maintained in dark brown color and the transparency is 25 cm to 30 cm. Fertilizer is applied once a week and human and animal manure is applied at a time. The dosage is 150 kg to 200 kg per mu. When the weather is clear and the transparency of the water body is greater than 30 cm, the amount of fertilizer can be appropriately increased. When the water quality is too rich, the fertilizer should be reduced or stopped, and new water should be injected. In the hot season, generally change the water once a week to 2 times, each time to replace 20% to 30% of field water. 4. Pay attention to patrol fields to insist on daily morning and evening inspections of the field, observe whether the fish feeding is normal, whether there are floating heads, check whether there are loopholes in the field ridges, whether the barrages are blocked or loosened, and if any problems are found, take timely measures. 5. The prevention and control of fish diseases must first adhere to healthy culture, operate according to regulations, and prevent it from happening. Second, we must do a good job of prevention: First, seed disinfection, seedlings with 5% saline or 0.1 mg/elevated potassium manganate solution to soak the fish for 10 minutes to 15 minutes before planting; Quicklime, per acre 15 kg ~ 20 kg of water Quanchiposa, once a month to 2 times, adjust the pH of the pool water to slightly alkaline, and use biological agents to improve the microbial structure of the pond, improve water quality.
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