Pigs are essential in many farming systems, and ensuring their health and survival is crucial for successful livestock management. One of the first steps to support sows during pregnancy and lactation is feeding them a nutritious ginger and onion soup. To prepare this, take 0.5 kg of fresh ginger and pound it into small pieces. Add 50 grams of chopped green onions and cook them in a pot with enough water. Boil for about 5 minutes, then strain the soup and let it cool. Offer this to the sow during her late pregnancy and continue feeding it for 5-7 days before farrowing. This practice helps ensure a smoother birth and reduces piglet mortality.
To increase the chances of survival for newborn piglets, proper care is necessary. Immediately after birth, guide each piglet to a teat that matches its size so that all can nurse effectively. Maintain a stable temperature in the farrowing house, ideally around 20°C, while keeping the farrowing crate at a higher temperature, above 30°C, which gradually decreases as the piglets grow. This prevents chilling and reduces the risk of piglets huddling together for warmth. Around day 21, when the sow's milk production starts to decline, introduce supplementary feed such as gruel, soy milk, or diluted milk powder. Apply these to the sow’s teats or fingers to encourage the piglets to eat.
Another traditional method involves using Chinese herbal medicine, specifically Pinellia, to improve milk production in sows. Dry the herb and grind it into a fine powder. Mix it with water and boil for 15–20 minutes. Once cooled, feed the mixture to the sow twice daily, about 50–80 grams per serving. This natural remedy has been shown to enhance lactation and support the growth of piglets.
Egg soup is another effective way to prevent diarrhea in piglets. After the sow gives birth, feed her one fresh egg daily, mixed into her meals. Continue this for about 10 days. The improved quality of the sow’s milk reduces the likelihood of digestive issues in the piglets.
For weaned piglets suffering from diarrhea, a herbal remedy made from purslane and charcoal vine can be used. Boil 1 kg of the herbs in 5 liters of water for 15 minutes, then add ash and stir well. Let the mixture cool before mixing it into the piglets’ feed. This treatment is suitable for up to 10–12 piglets; adjust the dosage if more are affected.
Weaning time also plays a role in piglet growth. Studies show that piglets weaned in the evening (around 8 PM) consume more feed on the first day and experience less weight loss compared to those weaned during the day. By the third day, their growth rates return to normal, making evening weaning a better choice for optimal development.
In cases where piglets are stillborn or weak, immediate action can save them. Clean the mouth and nose of the piglet, place it on soft grass with its head slightly elevated, and cut the umbilical cord about 20–30 cm from the body. Gently massage the cord from the end toward the piglet’s belly, repeating this motion once per second for up to 40–50 times. This technique often restores breathing and calms the piglet.
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