Australian gems, also known as freshwater fish, are highly valued in Australia for their beauty and unique characteristics. In recent years, China has started aquaculture of these fish, aiming to meet the growing demand. These fish have a stunning appearance, gentle nature, strong resistance to diseases, fast growth rates, and delicious taste. Currently, the market price of commercial Australian gems is between 80 to 90 yuan per kilogram, but there is still a significant shortage. The aquaculture efficiency is 5 to 6 times higher than that of traditional fish species, making it a promising business opportunity. Below are the details about the breeding techniques, seedling production, and cultivation methods.
Choose a pond with an area ranging from 1.5 to 3 mu (approximately 1,000 to 2,000 square meters) and a water depth of 1.5 meters. The water must be clean and free from pollution, with a pH level between 6.8 and 7.5, and dissolved oxygen content of at least 4.5 mg/L. Two weeks before stocking, the pond should be dried out. Seven days before introducing the fish, apply 350 kg of organic fertilizer per acre, then fill the pond to a depth of 0.6 meters. A few days later, the population of clams, copepods, rotifers, and other microorganisms will reach a peak, which is the ideal time to release the fry. Usually, fry are released when the water temperature reaches 20°C or above, typically in mid to late May. The fry size is around 2.5 cm long. Before stocking, the fry should be briefly immersed in a bowl containing 5% saltwater for 10 minutes to disinfect them, and then carefully transferred into the rearing pond. It's recommended to stock 2,500 to 3,000 fry per acre.
After stocking, the fry should be kept in a shallow water area. This helps increase the density of natural food in the water, which benefits the fry’s feeding, and also helps raise the water temperature, promoting faster growth. As the fry grow rapidly, the water depth should gradually increase, reaching 1.5 meters after 14 days. Change one-fifth to one-sixth of the pond water every seven days. Conduct three daily checks—early morning, midday, and evening—to monitor the fish’s feeding behavior, activity levels, growth progress, and water quality. Use a water pump to aerate the pond for 1.5 hours between 1 and 2 PM, and regularly measure dissolved oxygen and pH levels to adjust feeding amounts and prevent disease outbreaks. According to practical experience, after 30 days of careful management, the gem seedlings can grow to about 9.5 cm in length. At this stage, it’s essential to catch the fry and move them to adult fish culture tanks or cages for further growth.
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