Grafting seedlings of walnut grafting techniques

Due to the influence of injury flow and tannin, walnut grafting is difficult to graft and has high technical requirements. It is currently the most active field in walnut research in China, and it is also a major technology promotion project in walnut cultivation in the future. The walnut seedlings grafted and cultivated are five to seven years older than the walnut trees cultivated by the seedlings, and they are of high quality and high yield. The main point is to ensure the stable transmission of the superior characteristics of the high-quality varieties, and also to solve the problem of large separation of seedlings. problem. Through exploration and practice, the use of double tongue grafting to cultivate walnut seedling technology has been successful. The survival rate of grafted walnut seedlings has reached 88%. Now the specific grafting technology is introduced as follows: 1 Preparation 1.1 Material preparation, ie blade, grafting knife, Films, beeswax, soluble wax barrels, bamboo rods, soil dung, compound fertilizers, etc. 1.2 Site preparation and scaffolding: The intensive cultivation of the large-scale sheds planted and planted shall be intensive and open, and shall be deep into a ditch 30 cm deep and 40 cm wide, and shall be paved with 5 to 10 cm thick equine or cow dung at the bottom. 30-40 cm, in turn, while applying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 50 kg of fertilizer per mu. Bamboo scaffolds have been used to build greenhouses for plastic greenhouses. The size of the greenhouses depends on the number of colonizations. For ease of management, it is generally around 120 square meters. 2 Scion collection and storage The scion must be a spring shoot of a full-grown, one-year-old shoot. It requires a small marrow core, full of buds, no pests and diseases, and branches thicker than 1 cm. The scion collection time is best carried out between the autumn fruit picking and the deciduous period, and it can also be done in the spring sprouting period. Scion collected must be sealed with mineral wax or beeswax to prevent injury and water loss. When the scion is transported, it is packed in sacks or straw bags to prevent air drying and affect graft survival. The sand storage method is used for storage. Specifically, it is controlled to a width of 1 to 1.50 meters, a depth of 1 to 1.20 meters, and a horizontal groove of a length depending on the number of scions, and then spreads 5 to 8 cm thick wet sand at the bottom of the groove. On the sand surface, a single layer of scion, and then scion with wet sand, successively, until 30 cm from the pit surface, covering the pit surface with a straw, and insert them with wooden sticks or straw for ventilation. At the same time should always check, anti-freeze, dry, moldy, ensure the scion quality. Spring can be grafted with the harvest. 3 The method of grafting was grafted in double-tongues in the room and cultivated in the greenhouse, and was grafted on March 20th to April 10th. Specifically, 1 to 2 years old, 1 to 2 cm thick seedlings at the base were used as the rootstocks, and they were transported to the interior for grafting after transplanting. The roots were cut at a smooth and straight position 10 to 12 cm above the root neck, and the roots were damaged. Slightly pruning requires that the rootstock must be picked up on the same day, so that there will be seedlings and no backlog. Then use a scion equivalent to the thickness of the rootstock and cut a small section of 12 to 15 cm. Keep 2 full shoots at the top and cut the rootstock and scion into large bevels 5 to 8 cm long. The bevel must be smooth and on the bevel. 1/3 with a grafting knife cut a port, deep 2 ~ 3 cm, the interface should be thinner, otherwise, the joint surface is uneven. Immediately after the rootstock and scion are cut, they must be inserted together to form a tight joint. When the diameter of the anvil is not uniform, one side should be aligned and tied tightly with a thick plastic strip, followed by a speed of 90°C. Part to prevent loss of water. (The proportion of wax liquid is: beeswax: petrolatum: lard = 6:1:1, in order to control the wax temperature, put 5cm deep water at the bottom of the wax drum). Adhere to the principle of grafting with planting, use double-line triangle method to colonize the plastic greenhouse has opened a ditch, on the foot planting ditch fertilizer, spacing 15 to 20 cm, line 30 to 35 cm, after the soil to be filled with water, water After seepage, cover the crack with a fine dirt cover. 4 After grafting, the grafted seedlings in the management shed must be properly ventilated and cultivated in accordance with the situation in the shed. During the growth period, urea with a concentration of 0.30% to 0.50% was sprayed 2 to 3 times for extra-root fertilizer, and the buds germinated in the rootstock were promptly removed. When the temperature is higher than 28°C, the greenhouse should be removed. In August, the concentration of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed 1 or 2 times to increase the degree of lignification of the seedlings.

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