The greenhouse vegetable greenhouse cultivation in winter is low because of the outside temperature, and the management is more difficult. Especially in the aspect of fertilization, if the method is not scientific, it will have a great impact on the normal growth of greenhouse vegetables. The following describes the technical points of fertilizing vegetables in winter and spring greenhouses for reference by farmers.
First, reapply base fertilizer light fertilizer
The greenhouse vegetable production should master the principle of applying base fertilizer and applying less fertilizer. The proportion of basic fertilizer should account for about 70% of the total amount of fertilizer, and phosphate fertilizer can be increased to 70% due to slow decomposition. The nitrogen and potassium fertilizers should be 50%. High-quality farmhouse compost and manure must be fully decomposed, with a consumption of about 5,000 kilograms per acre, and high-quality organic compound fertilizer is generally 75 kilograms per acre, which should not exceed 100 kilograms. The rest of the top dressings are flexibly controlled according to the growing trend of the vegetables and the regular period of fertilizer requirements.
Second, appropriate increase in organic fertilizer
The organic fertilizer has a comprehensive and balanced nutrition, which can not only improve the soil, increase the ability to retain fertilizer and water, but also enable steady release of fertilizer, and can also adjust the pH of the balanced soil. In addition to the use of farmyard-built fertilizers, bio-organic fertilizers or fungicide should be vigorously promoted. This kind of organic compound fertilizer can supply a large number of elemental fertilizers and various trace elements, supplement organic matter to improve the soil, inhibit the damage of some diseases and insect pests in the soil, and avoid the occurrence of fertilizer damage due to concentrated fertilizer supply in the soil.
Third, the top dressing should be deep
Due to the high degree of confinement, greenhouse vegetable fertilizers can easily evaporate fertilizers by fertilizing or spreading fertilizers, which reduces both fertilizer efficiency and ammonia hazards. When topdressing, a key point is applied or applied. The depth is 5 to 6 cm, and the second is to maintain a distance of 8 to 10 cm from the vegetable roots.
Fourth, grasp the appropriate temperature and fertilizer
Nitrogenous fertilizers, especially urea and ammonium bicarbonate, are easily absorbed by vegetables only when they are converted to nitric acid nitrogen, and the external factor of absorption is temperature conditions. When the temperature in the greenhouse is lower than 15°C, the nitrifying bacteria and activities will be inhibited. Therefore, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer should be carried out before and after noon on sunny days. If it is too early or too late, the effect of topdressing will be reduced due to low temperature. For nitrogen-deficient vegetables or leafy vegetables such as spraying 0.5% ~ 1.0% concentration of urea solution will be better.
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