Rice is a typical silicon- and silicon-bearing crop. It has a higher demand for silicon and close to the demand for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, ranking fourth. Experiments and applied research results show that silicon has a considerable effect on the growth of rice.
I. Rice application of silicon can enhance rice's resistance to pests and diseases
After silicon is applied to rice, the rice resistance to pests and diseases is enhanced, and the degree of harm to pests and diseases is reduced. The application of silicon to rice can improve the plant's light state, reduce leaf sag, increase photosynthesis, form silicified cells, make the stem and leaf epidermis thickened, increase the stratum corneum, enhance the hardness of the stalk, the leaves lift, the stem is upright and upright, the root system Developed to improve disease resistance and pest control. In particular, resistance to rice blast, leaf spot, stalk rot, rice bacterial blight, and stem borer and borer is enhanced.
After silicon is applied to the rice, the silicon content of the plant increases and the duct rigidity increases, which can increase the ventilation permeability inside the plant, promote the growth of the root system, activate the phosphorus in the paddy field water, promote the operation of the phosphorus in the rice plant, and increase the phosphorus fertilizer. The utilization rate can reduce the lodging of greed and greenery caused by the excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer. It can also prevent the decay and premature aging of rice roots, especially for the eradication of toxic rot disease in rice.
Second, silicon fertilizer can improve saline-alkali rice fields and reduce soil pollution caused by pesticides
The application of silicon fertilizer has a unique effect on the treatment of saline-alkali rice fields. The silicon dioxide and calcium and magnesium ions contained in the silicon fertilizer can be quickly added to the soil where a large amount of elements are lost. Simultaneously, these elements in the silicon fertilizer can react with sodium ions accumulated in a large amount in the salt-alkali rice field to form a new one. The compounds, which reduce harmful components, supplement the silicon dioxide and calcium and magnesium ions that are needed for rice growth, enhance rice resistance, and increase rice yield and quality.
Agricultural pollution comes from people's control of crop pests and diseases. The application of silicon fertilizer can make rice produce a harder silicified cells, so that pests are not easy to bite, in order to reduce pests and diseases, reduce pesticide use, thereby reducing pesticide pollution.
3. The application of silicon fertilizer in rice is resistant to drought and lodging, and the effect of increasing yield is significant.
Rice is a crop that requires more silicon. Most rice fields in the north of China are white soil, meadow soil, and meadow black soil. In addition, paddy fields produced in the old paddy fields for many years are required to ingest large amounts of silicon from the soil, resulting in rice fields. Severe lack of silicon, silicon-deficient soil rice growth is poor, thin and thin stalks, leaves should be 20-30 degrees upright type will become weeping willow leaves, less tiller, heading late, more empty grains, 1000-grain weight, poor resistance, Easy lodging, infection and rice blast, sheath blight, borers and other pests.
Silicon is an important part of the rice crop. In rice optimized formula fertilization, people often attach great importance to the application of large amounts of elemental fertilizer such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, while ignoring the coordination of silicon fertilizer, in fact, silicon has a great influence on the growth and development of rice. Although silicon is not a nutrient for all crops, it has a significant effect on rice production. Rice is a crop that absorbs more silicon. The content of silicic acid in rice is about 10 times that of nitrogen and about 20 times that of phosphorus. Silicon deficiency in rice has become an important factor limiting the increase in rice yield.
After silicon absorption in rice, rice plant epithelial cells can be siliceous, stout sturdy, leaves jerk, reduce shading, photosynthesis increased 15-20%, lodging resistance increased by about 85%, the angle of leaves was reduced, canopy photosynthesis Enhanced, drought-resilient and water-saving capacity increased, generally saving about 30%, increasing production by 20% to 30%.
Fourth, the application of silicon fertilizer
The application of silicon fertilizer in rice should be combined with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and other fertilizers as the base fertilizer applied to the soil, it is best to sprinkle before the tillage or before the leeches, after the leeches are full of fertilizer. The standard amount of silicon is 1 to 1.3 kg per 667 square meters (1 mu).
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