Soybean ridge narrow row close planting cultivation techniques include several key steps to ensure optimal growth and yield. First, crop rotation is essential. It is recommended to rotate soybeans with wheat, corn, or other crops in a three-year cycle or follow a yearly rotation pattern to prevent soil depletion and reduce the risk of disease buildup.
Second, soil preparation plays a vital role. Begin by leveling the field and creating ridges. Then, rotate the ridges periodically to improve aeration and drainage. Additionally, use broadcasting combined with ridging to ensure even distribution of seeds and nutrients.
Third, selecting the right variety is crucial. Choose varieties that are strong-stemmed, resistant to lodging and diseases, high-yielding, and semi-dwarf with limited growth, making them suitable for close planting. The maturity period should be similar to or slightly earlier than local varieties to match the growing season.
Fourth, seed preparation involves careful selection and processing. High-quality seeds should be chosen, and they should be treated with appropriate fungicides or insecticides to protect against early pests and diseases.
Fifth, fertilization is important for healthy plant development. Start by increasing organic manure application, then add balanced chemical fertilizers based on soil test results. Foliar feeding can also be used to supplement nutrients during critical growth stages.
Sixth, sowing should take place when the soil temperature at the plow layer reaches 8°C. Sowing is done on ridges in autumn, with seeds planted at a depth of 4–5 cm. The planting density should be about 25%–30% higher than traditional ridge methods, resulting in approximately 450,000 plants per hectare.
Seventh, field management includes post-emergence herbicide application before the seedlings emerge, loosening the soil before hilling up, and regular weeding. Chemical control methods should be used strategically to manage weeds and pests effectively.
Eighth, pest control measures are necessary throughout the growing season. For early-season pests like locusts, red spiders, and thrips, apply dimethoate or omethoate mixed with water. Gray mold can be prevented using proper spacing and timely fungicide applications. Heartworms should also be monitored and treated if detected.
Finally, harvesting should be done manually when the leaves of the soybean plants begin to yellow and dry, indicating maturity. Timely harvest ensures better quality and reduces losses due to shattering.
By following these detailed practices, farmers can significantly improve soybean yields and quality while maintaining sustainable agricultural practices.
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