Soybean ridge narrow row close planting cultivation techniques involve several key steps to ensure high yield and quality. First, crop rotation is essential. It is recommended to rotate soybeans with wheat or corn in a three-year cycle or follow a yearly rotation plan to prevent soil depletion and reduce the risk of diseases caused by continuous cropping.
Soil preparation is another important step. Begin by leveling the field and forming ridges. Then, rotate the ridges periodically to improve aeration and drainage. Finally, use broadcasting combined with ridge planting to ensure even distribution of seeds.
When selecting soybean varieties, choose those that are strong-stemmed, resistant to lodging and disease, and have high yield potential. The variety should be semi-dwarf and suitable for close planting, with a maturity period slightly earlier than local varieties to avoid overlap with other crops.
Seed preparation involves careful selection and processing. Choose high-quality seeds free from damage or disease. Treat the seeds with appropriate fungicides or insecticides to enhance germination and protect against early pests.
Fertilization plays a critical role in soybean growth. Start by applying farmyard manure to enrich the soil. Then, add an appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer based on soil test results. Foliar feeding can also be used during the growing season to supplement nutrient uptake.
Sowing should be done when the temperature of the plow layer reaches at least 8°C. Plant seeds on the ridges in autumn, sowing them at a depth of 4 to 5 cm. The planting density should be 25% to 30% higher than traditional ridge methods, resulting in approximately 450,000 plants per hectare.
Field management includes post-emergence herbicide application before seedlings emerge, followed by loosening the soil before hilling up. Regular weeding and monitoring are necessary to maintain a clean field. Chemical control methods should be used strategically to manage weeds and pests effectively.
Pest control requires attention to common threats such as locusts, red spiders, and thrips. Apply insecticides like dimethoate or omethoate mixed with water to control these pests. For gray mold, use preventive fungicides. For heartworms, monitor the fields closely and apply targeted treatments when necessary.
Harvesting should be done manually when the leaves begin to yellow and the pods are mature. Timely harvesting ensures maximum yield and quality. Proper storage after harvest is also crucial to prevent spoilage and maintain seed viability.
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