Hedgehogs are small medicinal animals, and their skin is known as "different incense" or "fairy clothes," which are valued in traditional Chinese medicine. With the development of artificial breeding, raising hedgehogs has become a profitable venture.
First, setting up the farm. Hedgehogs are calm and light-sensitive, preferring to stay indoors. The farm should be located in a quiet, undisturbed area. A courtyard with walls about 0.8 to 1 meter high is suitable. Inside, there should be an inner nest room filled with hay, pine leaves, or straw for nesting. The outer area can include mounds, rockeries, and vegetation like flowers, grasses, and shrubs, providing space for foraging, mating, and shelter. A 10 square meter area can accommodate 30 to 50 hedgehogs.
Second, feeding. As nocturnal animals, hedgehogs are best fed in the evening. Their diet should be well-balanced and freshly prepared. A recommended formula includes 30% corn flour, 20% wheat bran, 10% rice bran, 5% fish meal, 30% vegetables, 2% bone meal, 1% iodized salt, 1% oxytetracycline, 1% amino acids, and trace elements. Domesticated hedgehogs should be fed mostly animal-based feed (80%), gradually introducing more plant-based food. Feed must be clean, fresh, and varied. For wild ones, the daily amount depends on weight: 50g for those weighing 50-150g, 75g for 150-300g, and 150g for 300-600g. In summer, they eat more and grow quickly, while in winter, their appetite decreases significantly.
Third, breeding. Male and female hedgehogs should be kept together for mating, usually during April and May. A mature hedgehog can give birth once or twice a year, with 2 to 4 offspring per litter. The gestation period lasts around 60 days. Newborns have soft spines and no fur, but within 20 hours, the spines harden, and they begin to squeak. At 3 days old, the spines become firmer, and by day 10, they start blinking. By day 20, they can walk, and by day 30, they begin eating solid food. Weaning occurs at 40-50 days. By three months, they weigh around 320-350 grams, gaining about 100 grams per month. The fastest growth occurs between the lactation period and 100 days after weaning, so careful management is essential to ensure high-quality skin and longer spines.
Fourth, disease prevention. Common ailments include gastroenteritis, skin lice, and scrub typhus. Symptoms of gastroenteritis include weakness, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. Reduce feed and add oxytetracycline to the diet, given three times a day. Gentamicin injections (25,000 units per hip) can also be used. For skin issues, remove flakes and apply creams. Rubbing vinegar-soaked tobacco mixed with trichlorfon may help. For scrub typhus, feed twice daily, and if symptoms persist, consult a vet. Regular check-ups, including examining the glossiness of the spines and body condition, are crucial for maintaining healthy hedgehogs.
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