With the enhancement of people’s health awareness, Houttuynia cordata has gradually been accepted and recognized as a pollution-free health-care vegetable, and the market prospect is very promising. In recent years, technicians from the Institute of Botany of the Hanzhong Institute of Science and Technology have conducted an experiment of cultivating Houttuynia cordata in the orchard. The use of reasonable spacing of Houttuynia cordata in pear, peach, plum, apricot, grape, and other fruit tree rows has yielded good economic benefits. Orchard intercropping Houttuynia not only can increase the orchard output rate, but also is conducive to intensive cultivation of orchards, improve the residential environment, inhibit the growth of weeds, play the role of “soil coverâ€, and increase soil fertility, and play the role of ploughing and cultivating soil. It is conducive to the growth of fruit trees and fruit and vegetable harvest. Only interplanting Houttuynia, this one mu production value can reach 2000-3000 yuan, the economic benefit is very significant. After the promotion of this technology, it was quickly accepted by the fruit farmers in the suburbs of the town and was considered by farmers as a good project for interplanting in orchards. The techniques for planting Houttuynia cordata in my orchards are summarized below.
First, the characteristics of Houttuynia features
Houttuynia grass, alias leeks, roots, stems, leaves have a fishy smell, hence the name Houttuynia. It was determined that Houttuynia cordata contained crude protein 2%, crude fat 0.4%, polysaccharide 6%, calcium 0.7%, phosphorus 0.053%, volatile oil 0.12-0.15%, and also contained amaranthine. Houttuynia has the effects of detoxification, diuresis, swelling, and food, which can cure a variety of diseases. Houttuynia cordata can be eaten as a dish and is rich in nutrients; it can also be processed into Houttuynia cordata tea, wine, soft drinks and other health drinks and foods, and has great development prospects.
Houttuynia warm and humid environment, afraid of drought, more hardy, below -15 °C can still be overwintering. April-May flowering results from June-July, Seomiao from late November, and returning green in March of the following year. Common wild in valleys, ridges, grasses or ponds. It requires fertile soil and avoids drought, but it has strong adaptability. Artificial cultivation can produce more than 1,000 kilograms per acre. It is distributed in the south, north and northwest of the Yangtze River and is suitable for planting.
Second, the orchard interplanting Houttuynia technical points
1, breeding methods using ramets, cuttings and rhizomes can be breeding. In late March to April, the ramets of the mother plants were transplanted to seedlings on sand beds or directly transplanted. Rhizome propagation occurs in the middle and early March. Before the plant has germinated a new seedling, the rhizome is excavated. Cut into small pieces of 10-12 cm long. Each piece must have 2-3 knots and leave fibrous roots. The shallow ditch with a depth of 3–4.5 cm was opened at a spacing of 30 cm. The cut rhizome was discharged into the ditch at a spacing of 15 cm. The cover soil was 6–10 cm. After a little suppression, watering was performed. Keep the soil moist and sprout. Cuttings are propagated in the summer hot season and can be cut in open or in the bed. Select the thicker ground stems and cut them into small pieces for cuttings. The length of the cuttings is 3-4 knots. Two sections are inserted into the bed soil and exposed to 1-2 knots. After plugging in, insert a suitable shade on the bed. The temperature of 25-30°C and the relative humidity of 90% or more are appropriate. After the cuttings take root and grow new leaves, the division gradually removes the shed. After 10-15 days, it is transplanted to the field for growth.
2. Site preparation The orchard plot with flat terrain, adequate water source, convenient drainage and irrigation, deep tillage layer, suitable soil structure, good physical and chemical properties, moderate fertility, loam or sandy loam soil. After selecting the plots, leave 1 meter wide along the rows of fruit trees as the operating belt for fruit trees. The rest completely removes weeds, gravel, and plowing ridges. Before planting, uniform spread of 4000-5000 kilograms of farmyard manure, 150-200 kilograms of plant ash (or 15 kilograms of potassium sulphate), and one plow, depth 25-30 centimeters, to fully mix fertilizer and soil. According to the size of fruit trees, 1-2 widths of 1.5-2 m are used as the Houttuynia cordata.
3, planting methods When planting, in the planting split 12-14 cm wide, 10 cm deep ditch, ditch spacing 20-30 cm, cut into small sections of the seed evenly arranged in the ditch every 5 cm, covering the soil, Irrigation, and then covered with a layer of fine soil, so that the soil and stem closely, after planting, often keep the soil moist, in order to facilitate germination and growth.
4. Field management Seedling drought, should be watered sooner or later, moist bauxite. Before the seedlings survived to seal the line, weeding and weeding were applied 2-3 times, and weeding was not required after the line was sealed to ensure normal plant growth. Fertilizers are mainly nitrogen fertilizers such as human waste or chemical fertilizers. Each time weeding is combined with topdressing, 1000-1500 kg of urine or 15-25 kg of urea is applied per acre. The first dilution is followed by application. After the first cutting, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is used to promote plant germination; the second application is Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers dominate. Later, it was changed to top-dressing, and 0.4% KH2PO4 solution was used, spraying once every 7 days for a total of 4-5 times. When the plant height is more than 10 cm, the soil will be cultivated in time to make the underground stem long and white and tender. During the whole growing season, the pests and diseases are not very serious, and pesticides are generally not used as real “green foodsâ€. Occasionally, the root rot disease can be treated with 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000-time solution. After every harvest, combine weeding with loose soil.
5, timely harvest from April to October can be harvested, can be harvested multiple times. Wash it after harvesting and tie it up. During storage and transportation, proper watering and preservation, while maintaining product cleanliness and hygiene, to ensure that the requirements of GB18406.1-2001 and pollution-free vegetable hygiene standards. (Hanzhong Plant Institute)
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