How Can Greenhouse Cultivation Prevent the Harm of Toxic Gases?
Greenhouse vegetable cultivation is a popular agricultural practice, but it can be risky if not managed properly. Improper fertilization and poor ventilation often lead to the accumulation of harmful gases inside the greenhouse, which can damage crops and reduce yields. These issues are frequently mistaken for plant diseases, leading to unnecessary losses or even total crop failure. **1. Common Hazards:** - **Ammonia Gas:** Excessive use of urea or other fast-release fertilizers, or applying uncomposted organic manure, can cause ammonia buildup. Under high temperatures, these substances break down and release toxic gases. This can result in water-soaked spots on the leaf edges, wilting, and even death of the entire plant. Cucumbers, tomatoes, and zucchinis are especially sensitive to ammonia. Often, this is misdiagnosed as frost or disease. - **Nitrous Acid Gas:** Overuse of ammonium-based fertilizers can lead to the formation of nitrous acid gas, especially when soil pH drops below 5. This gas causes white spots on leaves, followed by complete discoloration and leaf death. Eggplants, cucumbers, zucchinis, and celery are particularly vulnerable. It’s often mistaken for powdery mildew. - **Ethylene and Chlorine Gases:** Low-quality plastic films or leftover plastic residues in the soil can release ethylene and chlorine under high heat. These gases cause yellowing along leaf edges or veins, eventually turning the leaves white and causing the plants to wither. Cucumbers are especially affected. This is often misdiagnosed as bacterial infections. - **Carbon Dioxide Buildup:** During winter heating, incomplete fuel combustion can produce carbon dioxide and other harmful gases. If ventilation is inadequate, these gases accumulate and negatively affect plant growth and development. **2. Prevention Measures:** - **Proper Fertilization:** Organic manure must be fully composted before use. Chemical fertilizers should be of good quality, and urea should be mixed with superphosphate. Apply base fertilizer at least 20 cm deep, and top-dress chemical fertilizers at a depth of around 12 cm to avoid direct contact with plant roots. - **Adequate Ventilation:** On sunny days, ventilate the greenhouse to control temperature and improve air circulation. In rainy or snowy weather, ensure proper air exchange to prevent gas buildup. - **Safe Agricultural Films:** Use high-quality, non-toxic plastic films and remove any leftover plastic residue from the greenhouse regularly to prevent the release of harmful gases. - **Strengthen Plant Resistance:** Use growth regulators throughout the growing season to enhance plant resilience and improve yield and quality. By following these practices, greenhouse farmers can significantly reduce the risk of toxic gas damage and ensure healthier, more productive crops.Fingerprint Scanner,Biometric Fingerprint,Bluetooth Fingerprint Scanner,Wireless Fingerprint Scanner
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