First, choose the right variety. Spinach can be categorized into root spinach, buried spinach, spring spinach, summer spinach, and autumn spinach. For winter planting, it's best to select hardy varieties such as spiny seed spinach or common spinach, which can better withstand cold temperatures and ensure a successful harvest.
Second, prepare the soil properly. Choose a field with fertile, well-draining soil that has good heat retention and moisture-holding capacity. Before planting, till the soil thoroughly and mix in 5-6 tons of well-rotted farmyard manure along with 40 kg of compound fertilizer. After leveling the bed, make sure to establish a windbreak to protect the plants from harsh winter winds.
Third, sow at the right time. Winter spinach should be sown before the plant stops growing, when it has developed 5-6 leaves and has strong cold tolerance. The ideal sowing time is when the average daily temperature drops to 17-19°C. To prepare the seeds, soak them in warm water (35°C) for 12 hours, then spread them on dry soil or directly sow them. After sowing, cover the seeds lightly with soil and water them gently. Finally, sprinkle a mixture of pesticide and clay on the surface to prevent earthworms from damaging the young seedlings.
Fourth, manage the crop before winter. Once the spinach sprouts emerge, perform a shallow cultivation to loosen the soil and help with weed control. When the plants have 3-4 leaves, keep the soil consistently moist and apply fertilizer as needed. When the plants reach 5-6 leaves and growth slows down, it's time to seal the soil to prevent freezing. Watering should be done carefully, based on soil conditions, and it's best to use composted manure instead of plain water. This not only helps retain heat but also promotes faster growth in early spring. Proper care during this period ensures healthy development and a bountiful yield.
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