Wheat is a high-yield crop, and the development of improved varieties plays a crucial role in ensuring productivity. However, many farmers lack sufficient knowledge about wheat varieties due to limited access to information. This often leads to poor variety selection, resulting in reduced yields or even crop failure. When purchasing wheat seeds, there are several important factors to consider.
First, avoid blindly chasing new or exotic varieties. While new varieties usually go through extensive trials—both regional and production-based—they are approved by provincial crop variety committees after rigorous evaluation for yield, quality, and disease resistance. Unfortunately, some sellers market newly developed strains that haven’t undergone proper testing as "new" or "exotic" varieties, sometimes even mislabeling them. This can lead to serious problems such as lower yields or crop diseases. These mistakes should be avoided at all costs.
The right approach is to purchase certified varieties. Be cautious of so-called "special breeds" or unverified strains. If a variety is truly beneficial, it will be reviewed and promoted by official seed authorities. Don't rely on advertisements claiming that a variety has been endorsed by a research institution or expert. Only the certification from the Crop Variety Approval Committee is legally valid.
Second, don’t blindly choose large-eared wheat varieties. Although these types may have higher yield potential, they aren’t always suitable for every region. A variety that performs well in one area might not thrive under local conditions. The correct strategy is to select varieties based on local ecological conditions and their adaptation range. Every year, seed administrative departments recommend certain varieties for planting. Some unofficial sources promote varieties without mentioning their suitability, which is scientifically incorrect and potentially risky. Always test foreign varieties before introducing them to prevent losses.
Third, don’t only focus on high-fertilizer-tolerant varieties. Each variety has its own optimal soil conditions. High-fertilizer varieties need rich soil to reach their full potential. If planted in low-fertility land, they may show signs of early aging, poor grain filling, and lower yields. Similarly, low-fertilizer or dryland varieties won’t perform well in high-fertilizer fields because their yield potential is limited. It’s essential to match the variety with the field's actual conditions.
Fourth, don’t ignore grain quality. Grain quality directly affects the economic returns of wheat farming and influences flour quality and food industry profits. Many farmers, however, prioritize yield over quality. As a result, when the harvest is sold, the price may be much lower than expected compared to high-quality wheat.
The best practice is to follow the recommendations of seed authorities, considering soil type, yield potential, and grain quality together. Choosing a variety that balances both high yield and good quality is key to long-term success. Always make informed decisions based on reliable sources rather than just popularity or hype.
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