Pepper has a long history of cultivation and is also a road to wealth for farmers. However, only by mastering the manual temperature control of pepper seedlings cultivated in the field, the four key technologies of good formula fertilization, cultivation management, and disease prevention and treatment can increase the yield and increase the yield. The temperature control, fertilization, and disease prevention and high yield technology of peppers are briefly described as follows:
Manual temperature control technology. Capsicum is a thermophilic crop, the suitable temperature for growth phase is 17°C~30°C, the optimum temperature is 20°C~25°C, the growth phase temperature range is 15°C~35°C, and the growth potential weakens when the temperature is lower than 17°C or higher than 30°C. , A large number of flowers fell, all kinds of diseases have been infected, resulting in reduced production, and even no income. Therefore, in the summer, when the light is strong and the high temperature is applied, the shade net is used to cover off some of the strong light, and the soil surface is covered with grass to cool and moisturize. Covering the plastic sheds in early spring and autumn.
Formulated fertilization. The most crucial link in the high yield of pepper is formula fertilization. According to the determination of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the required fertilizer characteristics of pepper are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratios of 1:0.29:1.59. In addition, pepper is not chlorine. Therefore, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, and nitrogen are used. Potassium is more suitable.
Field management. In order to promote long-term, top-dressing and prevent root diseases, the key management for planting seedlings in field plots is to use 5-7 kg of urea per hectare, 1 kg of boron fertilizer, 1.5 kg of zinc fertilizer, and gibberellin (90.2)5. Grams (used after diluted with wine), formulated with root rot 10-20 bags. Mix these fertilizers, medicines, and auxins together and dilute them with water. After taking the above measures, the seedlings grew quickly, had a good uniformity, and the roots were thick and well developed. The roots were free from disease and infection, laying a solid foundation for the high yield of peppers.
Identification and Prevention Technology of Main Diseases in Pepper
1. Hot pepper virus disease: Pepper virus disease has four symptoms: mosaic, yellowing, necrosis, and malformation. Mosaic: mosaic virus disease is divided into light and heavy categories: Light mosaic virus leaf veins appear light green retreat at the beginning of the vein, or the leaves appear thick, green and mottled, the diseased plant is obviously deformed or dwarf, not Leaves defoliation; heavy mosaic virus in addition to chlorosis mottled leaves, the veins shrinkage deformity, or the formation of linear leaves, slow growth, small fruit, severe dwarfing. Yellowing: The diseased plant turns yellow from the tender tip, and then a large number of fallen leaves, fallen flowers, and fruit drop appear. Necrosis: Some tissues of the diseased plants become brown and necrotic. The stems and leaves show dryness, and the old leaves and stems show bad spots and dead stripe spots. Deformity: Deformation of diseased plants, such as leaves become linear, that is, fern leaves, or plants dwarf, showing a plexiform.
2. Pepper blight: Epidemics have jeopardized the production of chili peppers in recent years, which has seriously affected the development of peppers. Symptoms: The diseased leaves produce dark green lesions with no obvious edges; they rapidly expand when wet, causing some leaves to soften; the lesions stop expanding and appear brown when dry. The stems and branches produce dark brown or black streaks. The leaves above the lesions soon die and die.
3. Chili pepper anthrax: Anthracnose is one of the common diseases of pepper. When the disease is severe, it has a great impact on the yield. Symptoms: When the leaves are damaged, they start with water-stained chlorotic spots, which gradually turn into round lesions, and are gray in the center, with black, small dots in a roulette arrangement and brown edges.
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