Sulfur is one of the 16 essential nutrients for crops. The application of sulphur fertilizer in sulfur-deficient areas in China can generally increase crop yield by 15%-20% and improve crop quality. Tests have shown that citrus, soybean, sugarcane, peanut, sweet potato, tea, and other crops produce significantly more sulfur, generally more than 10%.
The reasons for crop sulfur deficiency vary. One is the lack of sulfur in the soil itself. For example, in most red soils in the south, the sulfur content is low, generally below 0.03%, while the available phosphorus is only 16-30ppm. Sulfur deficiency in crops due to imbalances in nitrogen and sulfur production is extremely common. With the large amount of nitrogen fertilizer application, there will be different degrees of sulfur deficiency. Second, with the increase in multiple cropping index and yield per unit area, more and more sulfur is taken from the soil by crops. At present, chemical fertilizers are constantly pursuing high concentrations. In particular, most manufacturers use urea as an alternative to ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate as a substitute for superphosphate, and potassium chloride as a substitute for potassium sulfate. As a result, chemical fertilizers containing sulfur are declining, making the required sulfur in the soil insufficient. . The third is the use of heavy calcium fertilizer. In the past, when low-concentration calcium sulphate was used, there was no problem of sulfur deficiency in the soil, because the main component of calcium sulphate was monocalcium phosphate and the accessory component was calcium sulphate. Therefore, calcium sulphate can make crops get sulphur nutrition, and in some places perennial heavy calcium phosphate, this fertilizer has been improved in the manufacturing method, so that the fertilizer does not contain impurities such as calcium sulphate, but naturally there will be sulfur deficiency problem.
When the crop lacks sulfur, its appearance symptoms are similar to that of nitrogen deficiency, and the leaves appear light green or yellow. The deficiency occurs on the leaves of young leaves. Generally, the young shoots turn yellow, and the heart leaves are chlorotic and yellow, and the plants are uniformly yellow. Weak, slender roots without branching, delayed flowering and fruit reduction. The symptom of nitrogen deficiency begins with the lower old leaf, and the symptoms of sulfur deficiency start from the upper new leaf and the two are easy to distinguish. The lack of sulfur in rapeseed and cotton often results in continuous flowering, failure of bud development, incomplete seed development, and dwarfing of plants. When the rice lacks sulfur, it will return to green and slow, with or without tillers or tillers, the plants will be thin and thin, the leaves will be thin, the young leaves will be light green or yellowish green, the leaves will have round brown spots with water immersion, the tips of the leaves will be dry and the roots will be dark brown. Less white roots, delayed growth period. Sulfur deficiency of vegetables, plants generally chlorosis, inhibited late growth. Generally uniform yellowing begins on the young leaves (buds) throughout the whole leaf, turning white when severe, leaving no residual green veins. The stems are weak, the roots are slender but not branched, the flowering is delayed, the empty shell rate is high, and the fruit is small. Legume and cruciferous and onion and garlic vegetable crops are prone to sulphur deficiency.
At present, sulfur fertilizers suitable for crop application include sulfur powder, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and gypsum powder. Due to different types of crops, soil types, and different fertilization purposes, the amount of sulfur fertilizer applied, the application method, and the fertilization period are different. Water-soluble fertilizers (such as sulphate-type sulfur fertilizers) can be used as base fertilizers, top dressings and seed fertilizers; non-water soluble fertilizers (such as sulfur-based sulfur fertilizers) are generally used as basal fertilizers, and are used as base fertilizers. Sulphate fertilizers are generally recommended. Such as ammonium sulfate, superphosphate, gypsum, potassium sulfate and so on. Sulfur fertilizers have highly efficient dispersible particulate sulfur fertilizers. The amount of sulphur fertilizer recommended for different crops is different. Generally, the recommended sulphur fertilizer use amount is 1.3-2.7 kg/mu for grains, 2.4 kg/mu for beans, oil and vegetables, and 2.7-5.3 kg/mu for sugar. At the same time, the application of sulphur fertilizer should be combined with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to achieve nutrient balance. To achieve optimal crop growth, the ratio of nitrogen to sulphur in plants is 15:1-20:1. When crops are fertilized, the ratio of nitrogen to sulfur is generally 7:1, and the ratio of phosphorus pentoxide to sulfur is 3:1.
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