Compared with common cabbage, purple cabbage has the characteristics of longer growth period, firmer ball, bright color, durable storage, and good quality.
First, geographical selection
Purple Cabbage is a cool, cold-tolerant, low-temperature, long-day, cross-pollinated vegetable. The seed production area requires smooth fertility, convenient irrigation, less pests and diseases, and there are no plots of other cabbages, broccoli, and broccoli left in the field within 2,000 meters.
Second, nursery management
1. Appropriate sowing date in North China, medium-maturing varieties are suitable for sowing seedlings in open field in mid-September, late-maturing varieties need to be appropriately advanced, and early-maturing varieties are appropriately delayed for sowing.
2. Breeding Purple Seedlings of Broccoli Seeds can sprout 3-4 days after sowing. After the rainy season has just passed, the temperature is also suitable. Generally, the seedlings are in good condition. However, it is necessary to pay attention to nurturing strong seedlings: (1) The true leaf grows to 3 leaves and 1 heart, and the seedlings are planted in a timely manner. The spacing of the leaves (6-8) is 8 cm. (2) Pay attention to the changes in temperature to prevent the seedlings from being extremely weak due to high temperatures. (3) Spray pesticides in time to prevent seedlings from being damaged by pests and diseases.
Third, the autumn management technology
When the true leaves grow to 7-8 pieces, the purple cabbage seedlings are planted in the improved Yangshuo or solar greenhouse according to the spacing of 25-30 cm. The purpose is to ensure safe wintering, raising the spring planting seedlings.
1. Before the site preparation and application of basal fertilization, 3000-4000 kg of organic fertilizer mixed with soil, including manure, poultry manure or livestock dung, etc., 30-50 kg of superphosphate, 100 kg of vegetation ash, shallow ploughing into the man, .
2, the temperature control at the end of October in a timely manner buckle film, overwintering period to ensure that the temperature during the day more than 15 °C, 5 °C or more at night. On the one hand, we must strictly control the growth of seedlings to prevent overheating of the seedlings. On the other hand, temperature control should not be too low to prevent frostbite or vernalization from being completed ahead of time and early convulsions.
3, water management, planting water to be poured enough, after the seedlings in time to make up the water. Purple cabbage is suitable for growth under humid environmental conditions, and the soil moisture of the seedbed is kept at 70-80%.
4. After the winter, the standard purple cabbage grows steadily and slowly in the greenhouse. By mid-March, the plants must reach more than 20 leaves, and the leaves should be carried out with large and thick leaves, thick stems, short internodes, and well-developed root systems. Pests and diseases, the cohesion of the heart to form a small ball is better.
Fourth, colonization management technology
1, 7-10 days before planting, the purple cabbage in the greenhouse should be regularly ventilated, low-temperature exercise, to promote its resistance to the impact of the cold spring after planting, normal growth.
2. In the northern region, the soil is dehydrated in the middle and late March, and the exposed land is planted in a timely manner. The plant spacing (50-60) is 50 centimeters, and 2000-2500 plants are planted per acre. After planting, because the temperature is still relatively low, after pouring the seedlings, the seedlings are generally no longer watered in the early stage and promote rooting. The slow seedling plants enter the ball stage. With the rapid increase of the leaf ball, the frequency of irrigation should be increased, the amount of irrigation water should be increased, and 10 to 15 kg of urea should be applied in combination with watering to promote plant growth and leaf ball. form.
3, choose the leaves purple red, short stem and disk, small internodes, outside leaves, package ball early, compact ball, no pests and the phenomenon of fission of the plant for the seed strains, strict elimination does not meet the characteristics of this species characteristics Poor and miscellaneous strains. In mid-April and mid-April, a knife was used to cut the cross at the top of the leaf ball to reveal the growing point. Sometimes it was necessary to cut it several times in order to allow the main casket to be withdrawn smoothly.
V. Seed management and harvesting
1. After the convulsions, some brackets shall be set up in time for the planting strains to prevent the stem from lodging and breaking off.
2, before the beginning of watering topdressing fertilizer, regular spraying pest control. Purple cabbage can not lack water during the flowering period, and the irrigation can be appropriately reduced in the middle and late stages of the scab.
3. In early July, the pods began to be harvested after they became yellow, and they matured in batches and harvested in time. In the North China region, the rainy season is coming. After harvest, it needs to be placed in a dry place and ripened for 3 to 5 days. It usually takes 3-4 harvests. The three years of practice has proved that using this technology to obtain purple cabbage commercial varieties can fully utilize the winter shed indoor temperature control method, eliminating the possible adverse factors such as freezing, rotten balls, or dryness that may occur in fully planted plants. , save labor and energy. At the same time, it can ensure the purity of commercial species and obtain high yields for seed production.
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