Guizhou Province has promoted the production of “quality grassland chickens in Guizhou Province†and adopted the production mode of large-scale grazing by artificial under-grazing. It has the following advantages: (1) Since chickens use high-quality forage grasses, grass seeds and insects as part of the feed sources, Low cost; (2) good feeding environment, less disease, high survival rate; (3) only the simplest chicken house, less investment, easy to implement; (4) no chicken manure treatment issues, chicken manure discharge grazing land fertilizer , Grass raising chickens, forming a benign ecological cycle of multi-level energy use; (5) is conducive to production safety, broiler quality and flavor is good, loved by consumers, the market price is good, high economic value, is a comprehensive efficiency , sustainable development of the aquaculture industry. Once promoted, the production has developed rapidly. In 2002, it has grown to 14 counties and cities with an annual breeding volume of nearly 2 million. The summary of breeding and management of high quality broiler grazing on pasture and pasture, summarised in research and production practices, is presented below for reference by peers. 1 Selection of chicken grazing and grazing sites for grazing and scattered broiler farms should be conducted in an orchard with good environment, less pollution, and economic forest land. And sparse woodland. First, forest trees can cover strong sunlight and wind and rain for feeding chickens. Second, these forest lands are suitable for the growth of legumes that the chicken prefers to eat. In addition, it is also necessary to meet the requirements for convenient transportation of feed and products, no pollution sources and epidemic areas, and isolation. Good conditions and other requirements. 2 Construction of grazing-free broiler houses Due to the permanent pollution of the surrounding environment of chicken houses, the increase of pathogenic microorganisms causes the increase of chicken diseases. The environmental disinfection investment is large, difficult to implement, and the effect is poor. Therefore, the construction of grazing free-range chicken houses should be simple and easy to use at any time. move. 3 Grazing grazing grassland establishment Considering the feeding habit, resistance to trampling and persistence of the chicken, grazing grassland establishment can use legume grasses 50%-70%, gramineous grasses 50%-30% mixed sowing methods. Suitable legume grasses have White clover, alfalfa, Lotus root, etc.. The amount of Legume grasses 7.5 ~ 10.5kg / ha, grasses 4.5 ~ 7.5kg / ha. 4 Brooding Management 4.1 Brooding management can adopt flat raising or cage brooding methods, focus on brooding for 1 month, and de-warm and then spread to aquaculture products for grazing. The brooding and feeding management techniques should be adopted to control temperature, humidity and light. Ventilation, density, open food, feed and disease prevention and other feeding and management conditions provide healthy chilling chicks for grazing and free-range breeding. 4.2 After the immunization and grazing of free-range chickens is dispersed into the grazing lands, it is not easy to vaccinate them. A reasonable immunization procedure should be established according to the local epidemic situation. All immunizations should be completed during the brooding period. According to the epidemic situation in the Guizhou production area, the following immunities are provided and applied in the production. Procedures for producer reference. Guizhou Grassland High-quality Chicken Immunization Program Reference Table Immunization Day-old Vaccination Inoculation Method Remarks First Exemption 1 Chicken Marek's Seedlings Subcutaneously Inoculated with 2 to 3 Chicken Coccidia Combined with Seedlings 3, 5 to 7 New-Support (H120) Two-up seedlings with nasal drops, four eyes with no eye drops 12 to 14 Bursa bursal poisoning seedlings, nasal drops, eye-free five free 21 ~ 23 new-branch (H52) two vaccine seedlings, eye drops, drinking water two kinds of vaccine Newcastle disease oil adjuvant off Live seedling chest muscle injection at the same time inoculation six free 27 ~ 29 Bursa poisoning vaccine drops, nose, drinking water 5 Grazing rearing management 5.1 Grazing hen housekeeping density Grazing free-range chickens usually feed in pasture, grazing hen house Is for the rest of the flock at night and bad weather, can be appropriately increased care density, generally 15 / square meters is appropriate. 5.2 Grazing Breeding Density and Population Size The appropriate grazing density will ensure that the birds have adequate pasture intake to avoid overgrazing causing grass damage and soil compaction. Generally, the grazing density is 300-4,507 hectares per hectare. The size of the grazing population is too large and it is easy to damage the grassland. If the grazing population is too small, the cost of breeding will increase. The suitable grazing scale is 300-500 per group, which is only suitable. 5.3 Grazing grazing in free-ranging chickens should be divided into rotational grazing in order to rationally utilize pastures and reduce damage to grassland. Grazing grazing is divided into 4 to 5 plots, and grazing sites are replaced 5 to 7 days; weather and rainfall are good, and forage When the growth is fast, the rotation is about 20 days; when the growth of the pasture is poor, the rotation of the pasture is about 30 days. The birds cannot be driven off during the rotation, and the birds should be induced to the grazing site by means of induction. A fixed sound is emitted each time the feeding is performed. The chickens form conditional reflexes and feed to a predetermined grazing site to lure the flock to a grazing site. 5.4 Management and Utilization of Grassland When pasture coverage reaches 90%, when the forage grass grows and develops to 15-20cm, it begins to grazing the flock. 5.5 Supplementary feeding methods and feeds “Qizhou high quality chickens†require a feeding period of more than 100 days. To reduce the cost of breeding, supplements are mainly based on non-polluted concentrated feeds and locally produced corn and fine quail mixed full-priced feeds. Supplementary agricultural and sideline products, but the reloading should be carried out gradually, in the feed gradually increase the proportion of new feed, about a week into all new materials. Grazing at the day early, middle and late feeding three times, 30 to 70 days of age According to 50% to 60% of dietary supplements, 40% to 50% of the concentrates are supplemented in the morning and in the middle of the diet, allowing the chickens to feel hunger, feed to the pasture, and supplement the remaining concentrate at night. Days began to make up the fine material to ensure the weight of the slaughter. 5.6 Relocate chickens 1 to 2 batches of chickens should be relocated one time after each move to avoid the proliferation of environmental microorganisms to increase the incidence of chickens. At the same time, the pastures around the sheds are replanted in time to facilitate the re-use. 5.7 Attention should be paid to the prevention of animal pests and poisoning. You can raise two housekeeping dogs or use appropriate tools to drive and catch beasts. The surrounding environment of grazing, free-range chickens and pastures should be prohibited from spraying pesticides to prevent chicken poisoning.
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