**I. Citrus**
**Phenology Period:** Fruit coloring and maturity phase.
**Agricultural Overview:** Focus on timely harvesting of early-maturing varieties to ensure high-quality fresh fruit. Continue strengthening the prevention and control of pests like red spider mites and rust mites. Pay close attention to fruit brown rot, which can occur during this period. Maintain proper orchard hygiene and ensure good air circulation to reduce disease risk.
**II. Yang Mei (Chinese Plum)**
**Phenology Period:** Bud differentiation stage.
**Agricultural Summary:** Deep soil cultivation and timely application of autumn fertilizers are essential to support healthy growth. Continue monitoring and managing pests such as codling moths and shell insects. Ensure proper pruning and maintain a balanced tree structure for better fruit production in the next season.
**III. Loquat (Papaya or Eriobotrya japonica)**
**Phenophase Period:** Bud development and flower formation.
**Farming Summary:** Apply fertilizer before flowering to support the plant’s energy needs. Plan labor and prepare materials for tasks such as bud removal, flower thinning, trunk whitening, garden cleaning, and frost protection. These activities help improve fruit quality and tree health.
**IV. Peach**
**Phenology Period:** Branch maturation and nutrient transfer to roots.
**Farming Overview:** For late-maturing peach varieties, continue using base fertilizers to support root development. Prepare for new orchard construction by ensuring proper site selection, soil preparation, and planting layout. This is also a good time to assess existing trees for pruning and maintenance.
**V. Cherry (Sweet Cherry)**
**Phenology Period:** Leaf growth stage.
**Farming Introduction:** Focus on practices like Shi Qiufei (a traditional technique) and intercropping with green manure crops to enhance soil fertility. Regularly inspect branches, trunks, and roots for signs of pests or diseases. Address issues promptly to maintain tree health. Prepare for new orchard establishment by selecting suitable locations and planning planting schedules.
**VI. Grapes**
**Phenology Period:** Harvesting and ripening stage.
**Farming Summary:** Emphasize the importance of Shiji Fei (a specific cultural practice) in preparing for the next growing season. Begin planning for the development of a new vineyard, including soil testing, irrigation system setup, and variety selection. Ensure that all necessary tools and materials are ready for the upcoming season.
**Pear**
**Phenology Period:** Active root growth, leaf nutrients moving to the roots, full branch shoots, and deep flower bud differentiation.
**Agricultural Overview:** Maintain maximum leaf area and optimal photosynthetic efficiency to support fruit development. Apply top-dressing fertilizer outside the root zone to avoid damage. Reapply overwintering base fertilizer after harvest to replenish soil nutrients. Strengthen pest control measures against armyworms and other harmful insects. Prevent premature leaf drop and secondary flowering, which can negatively affect next year's bloom and yield. Develop a winter pruning plan and outline next year's production strategy to ensure long-term orchard health and productivity.
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