I. Citrus
Phenology Period: Fruit coloring and maturity. During this phase, citrus fruits are reaching their optimal color and ripeness, making it a critical time for monitoring fruit development and preparing for harvest.
Agricultural Summary: The focus should be on timely harvesting of early-maturing varieties to ensure high-quality fresh fruit. Additionally, proper application of fertilizers aimed at enhancing fruit appearance is essential. Pest control remains a priority, especially for red spider mites and rust mites, which can damage both leaves and fruit. It's also important to prevent the occurrence of fruit brown rot by maintaining good orchard hygiene and applying appropriate fungicides when necessary.
II. Peach (Yang Mei)
Phenology Period: Flower bud differentiation period. This stage marks the beginning of flower formation, which will determine the fruit yield for the upcoming season.
Agricultural Summary: Deep soil cultivation and timely application of autumn fertilizers are crucial during this time to support root development and nutrient absorption. Continued efforts in pest management, such as controlling codling moths and shell insects, are necessary to protect the developing buds and ensure healthy growth.
III. Loquat (PÃpá)
Phenophase Period: This is a key time for loquat trees as they prepare for flowering.
Farming Summary: Before flowering, it's important to apply fertilizer to provide the necessary nutrients for bloom development. Proper labor planning and material preparation should be done in advance for tasks like bud removal, flower thinning, trunk whitewashing, garden cleaning, and frost prevention. These steps help improve fruit quality and tree health.
IV. Peach (Peach Tree)
Phenology Period: Branches mature, and nutrients are transferred from branches to roots. This is an important transition period for the tree's energy distribution.
Farming Overview: For late-maturing peach varieties, continued use of base fertilizer supports long-term growth and fruit development. New orchards should be prepared for construction, ensuring proper site selection, soil improvement, and planting layout.
V. Cherry (Cherry Tree)
Phenology Period: Leafing period. The tree is actively producing new leaves, which is vital for photosynthesis and overall tree health.
Farming Introduction: Focus on practices such as Shi Qiufei (a traditional pruning technique) and intercropping with green manure crops to enrich the soil. Regular inspection of branches, stems, and roots for signs of disease or pests is essential. Timely intervention helps maintain tree vitality. New orchards should also be prepared for planting, ensuring proper infrastructure and soil conditions.
VI. Grapes
Phenology Period: Maturity. This is the time when grapes reach full ripeness and are ready for harvest.
Farming Summary: The focus is on Shiji Fei (a grape variety), and preparations should begin for the establishment of a new vineyard. This includes selecting suitable sites, improving soil conditions, and planning irrigation and support systems.
VII. Pear
Phenology Period: Roots are actively growing, nutrients from leaves are transported to the roots, branch shoots are fully developed, and flower buds are deeply differentiated. This is a crucial phase for energy storage and flower development.
Farming Overview: Maintaining maximum leaf area and optimal photosynthetic efficiency is essential for fruit development. Applying top-dressing fertilizer outside the root zone helps supply additional nutrients. After harvest, overwintering base fertilizer should be reapplied to support the tree through the dormant season. Strengthening pest control measures against armyworms and other pests is important to avoid premature leaf drop and secondary flowering, which can negatively affect next year’s yield. Finally, a winter pruning plan and a production strategy for the following year should be formulated to ensure long-term orchard health and productivity.
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