First, choose the right variety. Spinach can be categorized into several types, including root spinach, buried spinach, spring spinach, summer spinach, and autumn spinach. For winter planting, it's best to select hardy varieties such as spiny seed spinach or regular spinach, which can better withstand cold temperatures and ensure a successful harvest.
Second, prepare the soil properly. Choose a field with fertile, well-draining soil that has good insulation and water retention properties. Before planting, plow the land and mix in 5-6 tons of well-rotted farmyard manure along with 40 kg of compound fertilizer. After thorough cultivation, level the ground and create raised beds. It’s also important to set up windbreaks around the site to protect the plants from strong winds during the winter months.
Third, sow at the right time. Winter spinach should be sown just before the plants stop growing, when they have developed 5-6 leaves and are able to tolerate cold weather. The ideal time to sow is when the average daily temperature drops to 17-19°C. To prepare the seeds, soak them in warm water (around 35°C) for 12 hours, then spread them on dry soil or directly sow them. After sowing, cover the seeds lightly with soil and gently press down. Water the area thoroughly. To prevent damage from earthworms, you can sprinkle a mixture of pesticide and gluten on the surface.
Fourth, manage the crop before winter. Once the spinach starts to germinate and emerge from the soil, perform a light harrowing to loosen the soil and help with weed control. When the plants have 3-4 leaves, keep the soil consistently moist and apply fertilizer as needed. When the plants reach 5-6 leaves and growth slows down, it’s time to seal the soil with a layer of frozen water. Watering should be done carefully, based on the condition of the soil surface. It’s best to use composted manure for watering, as it helps the spinach grow faster and stronger in early spring. Proper care during this period ensures a healthy and productive crop throughout the colder months.
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