Campanulaceae is mainly produced in Anhui, Jiangsu, Hubei, Henan and other provinces, Tong Keli stems for the province of medicine.
The growth habits of Platycodon grandiflorum were wild in the hillside grass. Hi warm and humid, sunny environment, suitable for its growth at a temperature of 20 °C. The general soil can be planted with sandy loam.
Cultivation techniques First, the election site preparation. The Platycodon grandiflorum is a deep-rooted plant. It should be selected from sandy loam with sufficient sunlight, deep soil, loose fertile and well-drained water. Before sowing, apply 1500-2000 kg of fully decomposed manure, 50 kg of oil cake, and 30 kg of superphosphate as base fertilizer (preferably the three are mixed and piled together), deep plowing 30 cm, and 1.2-1.4 m Sorghum, 15 cm high, 30 cm wide. Nursery land is made to be 1 to 1.2 meters wide, and other land preparation methods are the same as Daejeon. Second, the breeding method. Use seeds to breed. Choose a good seed for 2 years old to harvest (an annual "doll" cannot be used). Seed life is only 1 year, Chen species can not be used every other year. Can be divided into two methods of live broadcast and seedling transplanting, live broadcast is better. (a) live broadcast. From the beginning of October to the beginning of November, the best time for planting will be as early as possible. The spring sowing from late March to early April will cover the mulch; summer and autumn sowing time will be more flexible. On the surface of the raft, trenches are drilled at intervals of 15 to 25 centimeters. The ravines are 1.5 to 2 centimeters deep and 10 centimeters wide. When seeding, mix the seed with the proper amount of ash, spread it evenly into the ditch, and then cover a thin layer of fine soil to avoid seeing the seed. Finally, cover the grass with a layer of grass. Autumn sowing emerged in the spring of the following year. Live seed use amount of 0.5 to 1 kg. After the emergence, the covered grass is removed, and the seedlings are 4 cm in height, and the seedlings are 5 cm to 7 cm in height when the seedling height is 8 cm. (b) transplanting seedlings. Spring sowing in February to March, summer and autumn sowing time is flexible. On the surface of the pod, open shallow trenches with 10-13 cm spacing and 1 to 1.5 cm deep. Spread the seeds and the ash uniformly and spread them evenly into the trenches. Then cover the soil with a thin layer of fine soil. The thickness of the seeds is not visible. Finally, cover a layer of grass on the surface to keep it moist. Immediately remove the covered grass after emergence. When the seedling height is 2 cm, the seedlings will be planted. When the height of the seedlings is 3 to 4 cm, the seedlings will be set at a distance of 3 to 5 cm. Seedlings for seedlings use about 1.5 kilograms per acre. After a year of cultivation, transplanting will be done in the garden. In the autumn and winter of the year when the stems and leaves are withered, they can be transplanted before sprouting in the spring of the following year. When transplanting, plants were planted on rows of 15 to 20 cm spacing and 5 to 7 cm plant spacing on the surface, and the soil was compacted after planting.
Field management I. Weeding. The early growth of Campanulaceae is slow and weeding should be done in time. Weeding 4 times in the first year and weeding 2 or 3 times in the second year. Second, top dressing. Seedlings need to be applied to thin human urine 1 to 2 times, each time the amount of 1500 to 2000 kg per mu. In early June, the topdressing of flower fertilization was mainly phosphorus and potash fertilizer, and 2000 kg of human and animal waste manure and 25 to 30 kg of superphosphate were applied per acre. After winter, the over-wintering fertilizer is applied again, and soil fertilization is performed in combination with fertilization. After entering the summer, the appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be topdressed to make the stalk thick and prevent lodging. Third, drainage. Campanulaceae planting density, high temperature and rainy season in summer should be done in time to clear the ditch drainage work to prevent the accumulation of water rot. Fourth, pick buds. In order to promote the growth of the main root of Platycodon grandiflorum, buds must be picked, leaving only one bud per plant, otherwise the fork roots are of many and poor quality. 5. Thinning and fruit thinning. Spraying 40% of ethephon 1000 times at full flowering stage has a significant effect of thinning and thinning fruit, which can achieve the purpose of increasing production. Sixth, prevent lodging. Spraying chlorella, paclobutrazol, and diaminos on the 2-year-old Campanulaceae prevents lodging.
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