Huang Guan Pear Non-pollution, High-quality and High-yield Cultivation Techniques

Huang Guan Pear is an excellent new variety cultivated by Shijiazhuang Fruit Tree of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. It has a large fruit size, good fruit shape, beautiful appearance, sweet and sour taste, rich aroma and high quality. It is an excellent mid-maturing variety.
1 The establishment of a garden for planting shall produce a pollution-free pear fruit. The garden shall select a plot with good ecological environment, fresh air, clean water source, uncontaminated soil, no pollution source and fertile soil nearby. Choose seedlings with seedling height above 80 cm, strong seedlings, complete roots, and no disease and pests.
Before planting, the roots of the seedlings must be pruned before planting. After cutting the roots, the wounds should be pruned smooth and vertical to facilitate wound healing and promote new roots.
After planting time, deciduous trees were best planted in late October, followed by early winter (mid-November and mid-November), and the latest planting time was March 20.
The planting method is to dig planting trenches by row spacing, dig 80 cm long, wide and deep in the planting trenches, and mix the decomposed new soil with organic fertilizers such as rotted straw and circumfertility, and fill the pits with 30 to 40 cm. Putting seedlings, fill with water and sinking, planting seedlings. Then cover the film to keep warm and moisturize. If it is planted in the winter, the tree body should be wrapped with plastic cloth after drying. The first is to prevent freezing, and the other is to prevent the second spring pests (such as beetles, etc.) from damaging the shoots. One week after colonization, if any dead seedlings were found to be planted in time.
2 Pruning Huang Guan Pear should adopt sparse layer shape. There are 2 main branches in the tree, 3 to 4 main branches are reserved in the base layer, and 2 to 3 main branches or large result branch groups in the second layer. The interval between layers is about 1 meter, and 1 to 2 result branches are reserved between the layers. Group (auxiliary branches) and flatten their angles. The main branch of the upper branch is 1/3 of that of the lower main branch and the height of the tree does not exceed 3.5 meters. Sapling pruning is mainly based on light shearing and slow release. Attention should be paid to distinguishing subordinate relationships and avoid excessive and excessive peripheral branches to maintain balanced tree vigor and branching potential. At the same time pay attention to pulling branches, the main branch angle 60 ~ 70 is appropriate, other branches can be larger angle. The branches are best done in 2 separates. The first time in August, the base angle is opened; the second time after the first branch is pulled, one year later, the waist angle and tip angle of the main branch are opened (due to Huang Guanli Should be the first to grow, open the corner angle, the waist and tip angle is still easy to become smaller). At the same time, attention should be paid to the prosperous branches that sprout after the treatment of pulling branches, and the branches should be reasonably distributed by pulling, twisting, picking, and cutting.
3 Shuhuashuguo Huangguanli Under the conditions of well-distributed pollination trees, the natural fruit setting rate is high. Therefore, the load must be strictly controlled. Sparse flowers are carried out during flower buds, and fruit trees are shredded in time. Thinning fruit can be divided into 2 times, the first 10 cm left 1 fruit, the second 20 cm left 1 fruit, leaf to fruit ratio of not less than about 20:1.
4 fruit bags bagging 40 to 50 days after full bloom, Hebei Xinji generally on May 10 or so more appropriate. The bag is usually a double-layer paper bag with black wood pulp and a three-layer paper bag with black cloth. After spraying, it is necessary to carefully spray three times of high efficiency, internal absorption, low residual insecticide and bactericide before bagging. Do not use cream formulations. The bagging can be performed after the last spraying time does not exceed 3 days and the liquid of the pear fruit pod is completely dried.
5 Fertilizer and Water Management Each year, more than 5,000 kilograms of organic fertilizer is applied to the Mushi, combined with deep-turning soil and applied before the fall leaves. The depth of fertilization is preferably 50 cm. In the pre-flowering, post-flowering and fruit-expansion periods, each fertilizer was chased once according to soil nutrient status, and trace amounts of iron, zinc, boron, and other micronutrients were applied. In addition, foliar spray can be applied throughout the year after flowering, during fruit expansion, and before fruit harvesting. Fertilizer can use amino acid fertilizers, biogas slurry, urea, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
In the orchard, timely watering according to flood conditions, with emphasis on pre-flowering, post-flowering and fruit-expansion periods. Such as the rainy season after the rain should pay attention to timely drainage.
6 Pest control Huang Guan pear is more resistant to scab, the main diseases are brown spot and ring spot disease. The main pests are pear wood worm, yellow mealworm, cornel mealybug, stink bug and so on. "Comprehensive prevention and control", the use of pesticides to meet pollution-free production requirements.
During the dormant period, pests and branches are cut off, and rough skin, lesions, and old skins on the trunk are scraped off, and dead branches, fallen leaves, and stale berries in the garden are cleared, buried deep underground or burned centrally. Apply 5 times the fruit rot solution in the main disease area. After the winter shearing and the budding, 5 bumeite lime sulfur was sprayed.
In the growing season, 70% of the flower was sprayed and sprayed for the first time, mainly for pear hibiscus. Afterwards, insecticides were sprayed once every 10 days or so. A total of 3 doses of drugs were sprayed before bagging, and the pests were not allowed to enter the bag. After bagging, the pests were mainly used to prevent damage to the leaves. Pesticides such as pear caterpillar fungus and yellow mealworm insecticide were targeted and controlled in key prevention and control phases.

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