In recent years, farmers have used greenhouse intercropping of wax gourd and multiple cropping cabbage to produce 1000 kg of potatoes per mu, 1,000 kg of wax gourd and 3,000 kg of Chinese cabbage per year. The economic benefits are significant.
I. Planting specifications and varieties
Choose sandy loam soil with fertile land, good irrigation and drainage conditions, with a width of 5-6 meters, set aside 1.7 meters for the cultivation of wax gourd, and leave 1.2-1.7 meters on both sides for potato cultivation. Potatoes were planted in Daejeon in mid-December and harvested in mid-to-late March. The melons were planted at the end of February and early March, and they were pulled at the beginning of September. Chinese cabbage was planted in early September and harvested in October.
The potato was selected as a high-yielding, high-quality Kexin No. 1 suitable for planting in greenhouses. The winter gourd was a thick, large, high-quality, high-yield, Guangdong black-skin gourd; the Chinese cabbage was selected for high-yield, marketable Shandong “87-114â€.
Second, the cultivation techniques
1. Potatoes Potatoes are cut into small pieces at the end of November and early December. Each small piece retains 1-2 full-filled eyes for heat preservation and germination. In mid-December, when the shoots were 0.5-1 cm long, 2-3 rows of planting canals were planted in the scheduled potato planting, which provided sufficient basal fertilizer and also prevented insect pests. When planting, the buds are upward, the plant spacing is 20-23 cm, and the mu density is 2500-3000 strains. After sowing, first take a small shed, and then build a greenhouse before emergence. Before and after branching, use paclobutrazol to control the growth of aboveground parts. Before and after flowering, use an antibacterial agent to prevent and treat diseases, and timely remove diseased plants of late blight. According to the growth status of the potato block timely harvest.
2, melon in February with three membrane coverage, electric hotbed nursery seedlings. Keep 25-30°C during the day and 18-20°C at night after emergence. Before planting, plant the ditch in the planting line and apply the basal fertilizer. When the seedling age is 20-25 days and the melon seedlings reach 3 true leaves, 1-line spacing between the rows is set in the middle of the greenhouse. Density 100 up and down. Add base fertilizer, transplant with medicine, and pour enough live water after planting. The first batch of melons in the greenhouse must be artificially assisted in pollination and promote fruiting in the early stages. After harvesting the potatoes, the vines were promptly led to both sides of the air, and the soil was pressed to increase the nutrient absorption capacity. Strengthen the management of fertilizer and water according to the principle of “Before light and heavy†to ensure the growth needs of the plants at various stages. Pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests such as sunburn and melon, and timely harvest and market them.
3, Chinese cabbage nutrition seedlings in mid-August. The basal fertilization was applied, and the soil was irrigated with tillage. The pods were 2-3 meters wide. When the seedlings were 20 days old, the true leaves were planted with 3 trenches, the ditch width was 60 cm, the ditch depth was 10 cm, the plant spacing was 40 cm, and the mu density was about 2700 strains. Strengthen the management of fertilizers. In the early stages, use diluted fecal water and chemical fertilizers to promote flat boring; enter the rosette period, increase the amount of fertilizers, and promote production. Pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases such as downy mildew, soft rot, virus disease, cabbage caterpillar, rapeseed meal, and diamondback moth, etc.
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