Jinsen Ligustrum is a widely recognized ground cover plant in the horticultural sector and has been produced on a large scale. The cutting propagation method is described below.
Jin Sen Ligustrum, also known as Hawati Ligustrum, scientific name Ligustrumjaponicum 'Howardii', Japan Ligustria series Caiye new products. Evergreen shrubs or small trees, plant height 1.2 meters below; leaves opposite, single-leaf ovate, 6.5 to 8.0 cm long, 3.5 to 4.5 cm wide, leathery, thick, fleshy; spring new leaves bright yellow, to The winter turns golden brown, and some new leaves have cloud-like pale green patches along the sides or sides of the midrib, with bright and pleasing colors. The internodes are short and the branches and leaves are dense. In flowering from June to July, the panicles are white. The fruit ripens from October to November and is dark purple and oval.
Hi light, drought tolerance, cold resistance, strict requirements on the soil, acid, neutral and slightly alkaline soil can grow. It grows rapidly, has a well-developed root system, is resistant to pruning, has a strong sprouting power, golden leaves, and beautiful plant shape. It is an excellent hedgerow species, with both foliage, view and fruit, and it has great potential for development.
The original species is located in the west of Kanto in Japan, in Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu and Taiwan in China.
First, cutting propagation
(a) Facilities
At the early stage of cutting, the cuttings just left the mother, still have a large transpiration intensity, and the water absorption ability of the cuttings is very weak. Therefore, ensuring that the cuttings do not lose water is the key to successful cutting. Therefore, the moisturizing facilities are the most basic necessary facilities.
Steel frame sheds: This is the main facility used in mass production. The greenhouse is equipped with a complete set of automatic intermittent spray devices. It is composed of MIST cutting mist controllers, solenoid valves, fine mist nozzles, pipes, and pressure pumps.
In the greenhouse, a single layer of flat plug trays was established, extending from south to north. The seedbed was 1.4 meters wide, 30 to 50 meters long, and 0.75 meters high. Choose 42.5 cm wide, 42.5 cm high, 7.5 cm flat plate or 72 hole plug tray.
Through the automatic spray moisturizing, with adequate light, the general survival rate is high, the root system is developed, the quality of the seedlings is good, and the cuttings are not limited by the season. The only downside is the high investment cost of the facility.
Commonly used small-scale or relatively simple facilities:
Small bamboo arch shed: generally 1.0 to 1.5 meters wide and 0.7 to 1.0 meters high in the middle, can be used for small batch cuttings.
Single-pipe shed: A single-pipe shed with a width of 6 meters, a length of 30 meters, a height of 2.5 meters or a width of 8 meters, a length of 30 to 40 meters and a height of 4 meters. In order to save costs, bamboo pieces can be mixed with steel pipes.
After the shed is built, the film can be used as required to cover the film (post-September) or shade-screen (May-June insert). The bed can be cut directly in the shed, and the land can be leveled. After the seedlings are placed on the seedbed, they are reared for breeding.
(II) Preparation of the female parent
1. Disease prevention and nutritional supplements were applied with thiophanate-methyl potassium dihydrogen phosphate or trace element fertilizer 10 days before ear cutting, and then sprayed again 2 to 3 days before harvesting.
2. Spike harvested according to the requirements of the mother plant pruning, after harvesting the branches pay attention to moisturizing, in sunny high temperature should be in the morning before 9:00 or early evening ear. Most of the cuttings were semi-lignified or lignified shoots. The best time for ear harvesting should be from May to June and from September to October. The quality of the two cuttings is the best.
(c) preparation before cutting
Single-level seedbeds are placed in 72-spot trays to reproduce. A single shed with a width of 6 meters and a length of 30 meters can generally cut 55,000 lines.
1. Medium formulation 50% vermiculite + 30% compressed northeast peat (screening) + 10% perlite + 10% river sand, and 4 kg of slow-release fertilizer (21-5-12) per cubic meter of medium.
2. After the tray is filled with media, gently vortex the tray to ensure that the medium of each pocket is full, and then use a hole tray or other things to scrape the tray filled with the medium.
3. When the plug trays are placed and disinfected with the plug trays, it is advisable for each seedling bed to be placed with five plug trays. It is better to go north and south and place them neatly. The day before cutting, disinfect with 0.5% potassium permanganate.
4. Cuttings Cutting and Handling Cuttings should be trimmed and rooted. The cuttings are preferably selected from about 8 to 10 cm in length and have strong branches with 3 to 4 leaves. In order to make full use of the maternal resources, it is also possible to use a short shoot cutting with one bud pair. After cutting, the cuttings are graded according to requirements and generally divided into upper, middle and lower sections. The cuttings were disinfected and rooted. The rooting agent IBA 1000 to 2000 mg/kg may be used, and the portion of the lower part of the cutting 1 to 1.5 cm may be dipped in the liquid for 5 seconds. The disinfection of cuttings can be directly immersed in chlorothalonil or thiophanate-methyl 600-800 times solution.
5. Cutting method The cutting depth is preferably 1.5 to 2.0 cm. One plant per hole was inserted in the middle of the well. Immediately after the planting was completed, labeling, irrigating water, and spraying 500 times liquid thiophanate-methyl + anthraquinone fortified magnesium were performed.
6. When bamboo arches and cover membranes are used for bamboo arches, a "" type bamboo arch is required to support the membrane at both ends of the seedbed. Each arch should be spaced at a distance of 0.8 m. A one-time drip-free membrane with a width of 3.0 meters is generally used. Finally, the membrane is completely sealed with earth or river sand.
(IV) Post-insertion management
1. After 20 days of humidity cutting, the air humidity in the small shed needs to be kept above 95%. If the humidity in the small shed is low, the membrane should be watered in a timely manner, alternating with 200 times liquid water-soluble fertilizer (20-10-20 and 14-0-14), and 500 times of carbendazim sprayed on the leaves. + Anthraquinone Fortune, sealed. Water is poured once a week for the months of May to June, and once for 10 to 15 days in September. Usually check the cutting media once every 2 to 3 days. Under normal circumstances, watering, fertilizer application, pest and disease prevention should be completed at the same time.
2. The temperature of the temperature cutting sheds should be controlled below 36°C and above 15°C. The optimum temperature is 25°C. If the temperature is too high, shading or bamboo watering on the arch diaphragm is required to cool the water. If the temperature is too low, it must be covered by a film or other warming measures (such as: Add to the heating line, etc.).
3. Illumination control and seedling lighting have the function of promoting cutting rooting and strong seedlings. In general, the quintessence of M. quintana starts rooting in about 15 days, and it can basically be carried out in about 40 days. From May to June, the screens are generally covered with shade nets around 10:00 a.m., and shading nets are closed after 3 pm. About 20 days after hardening, the pots can be put on the pot. The rooting rate can reach more than 90%.
Second, container seedling cultivation
1. Sites and shades Prepare small seedlings on the pots and cover them with a 45% to 85% shading net.
2. The selection of the container requires cultivation according to different specifications of the seedlings, different cultivation purposes, choose a different container. At present, the most used is the nutrition of plastic containers. Most commonly use 13 cm 11 cm nutrition.
3. Medium formulation In order to save production costs, but also can basically meet the seedling growth requirements, use 50% northeast peat + 20% nuclear scale medium + 30% sand, slow down 2 kg of controlled fertilizer per cubic meter, stir evenly on Pots.
4. Upper basin, colonization and other management
(1) Put the seedlings into the appropriate depths of the center of the pot, then add medium to press the edges of the pots slightly (not to press the roots), and the medium and the pot should have a distance of 2 to 3 centimeters to facilitate pouring. water.
(2) The seedlings are to be graded before the upper pots, placed neatly, the number is the same, and the labels are inserted.
(3) After the seedlings are well-washed, the rooting water is poured with a 1000-mesh nozzle.
(4) As the phenomenon of lodging of seedlings caused by watering or potting is more serious, it is necessary to raise seedlings in time.
(5) Clean up diseased leaves, rotten leaves, dead seedlings and weeds in pots in time.
(6) Seedlings need to be watered regularly to prevent drying.
(7) Fertilization: Generally, water-soluble fertilizer (20-10-10 and 14-0-14) or compound fertilizer 22-6-12 produced in Finland should be poured in 10 days, with a concentration of 200 ppm to 300 ppm. The situation, to avoid leakage, less pouring, affect the quality of seedlings.
(8) Prevention of pests and diseases: A fungicide such as thiophanate-methyl and chlorothalonil is sprayed every 15 days or so. Insect pests are mainly moth larvae, and insecticides such as cyanogenic polyester and trichlorfon are available.
(9) Heat insulation measures (cover film) must be taken when the seedlings pass through the winter.
With proper management, 5 to 6 months can reach the seedlings needed for the project, 20 cm in height and about 25 cm in diameter, and about 13 000 cm in diameter can be placed on a mu of land.
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