The role of vitamins in aquaculture

Vitamins play an extremely important role in fish metabolism, growth and development, immunity, reproduction and other life activities. Most vitamins cannot be synthesized in fish or cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities. Therefore it needs to be continuously obtained from the feed. The feed ingredients contain some vitamins, but they will be destroyed due to storage and processing, and the ratio cannot fully meet the needs of fish growth. In low-yielding and extensive farming, fish can obtain the vitamins needed from food organisms, mixed feeds or single raw materials. However, with the increase of intensive culture, the fish culture environment will be worse, and the toxic and harmful substances in the water (such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, and hydrogen sulfide produced by the decomposition of feed and feces will increase), resulting in fish Stress will increase, and high-density farming will increase the susceptibility and infectivity of fish diseases. Therefore, the function of vitamins is not only to meet the growth needs of fish, but also has anti-stress and immune function II and the content of vitamins in food is inversely proportional to feed. The lower the feed coefficient, the vitamin content in the feed is certain. For example, the vitamin content in feeds with a feed ratio of 2 should be 2.5 times the feed conversion factor of 5. Only in this way can the same amount of vitamins be found in the feeds that are ingested. This is why intensive farming has to add extra dimensions. The demand for vitamins in fish can be divided into five gradients:

Overage, immune enhancement, maximum growth, minimum satisfaction, lack of volume.

The usual vitamin premix is ​​only to meet the minimum satisfaction, at most only the maximum growth. When the fish is stimulated by a bad environment or attacked by pathogenic microorganisms, it will launch immune function to resist. This will consume some of the vitamins for immune functioning. Indirect vitamin deficiency. Therefore, ponds with high density and poor aquaculture environment will have higher demand for vitamins. If we increase the content of certain vitamins to the range of immunoenhancing doses, we can overcome some of the unfavorable factors of fish that are brought about by high-density culture to ensure the smooth progress of healthy culture. However, excessive use of vitamins can also cause waste and vitamin poisoning.

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