Occurrence and Prevention of Apple Rot Disease

Apple rot is commonly known as rotten skin disease and stink bug, and it is one of the most important diseases of apple trees in northern China. The disease mainly damages the result tree, resulting in weakened tree vigor, dead branches and dead trees. When the disease is severe, the tree is destroyed and the garden is destroyed.

Symptoms occur

Apple tree rot disease mainly affects the trunk and main branches of the resulting tree, and also harms the branchlets, young shoots, and fruits. According to the symptoms of branches are divided into two types of ulcers and branches. Ulcerous type: Mainly occurs on the trunk and main branch. The bark of the diseased part shows a reddish-brown water-like micro-uplift and round to oblong lesions. The diseased part is soft, easily torn, and the hand is depressed and flows out of the yellow-brown juice. , There is a more serious distilleric taste. In the latter part of the disease, the water was dried and shrunk, cracks occurred on the edges, and black spots appeared on the surface of the lesion. When wet, small dark spots can blew yellow-brown tendrils. Branch withered type: It mainly occurs on branches aged 2-5 years. The edges of the lesions are not clear, they do not rise up, and they are not water-stained. The infected branches quickly lose water and dry, and many small black spots are produced on the surface of the lesion. In severe cases it also harms the fruit, the lesions are nearly round or irregular, light brown rot, and distilleries.

The law of incidence

There are two peak periods of the disease in the year, which are in March-April and July-September. In early spring, the temperature rises, sap begins to flow, nutrients shift to the growing point, the tree branches have less nutrients, and the temperature of the tree surface increases to the sun's surface. This results in unbalanced nutrition and reduced disease resistance of the tree, which is conducive to the spread of lesions. Thus formed the peak of spring incidence. Then, the lesions expand rapidly and cause serious damage, often resulting in dead branches and dead trees. From May to June, the trees were prosperous and the nutrition began to accumulate in the branches. The disease resistance of the trees increased, and the lesions stopped expanding. From July to September, the fruit quickly expanded and needed a lot of nutrients, which led to the decrease of nutrients in the branches of the tree, and the spread of lesions began to spread again, and then the autumn peak appeared. It can be seen that the strength of tree power is the main factor that affects the severity of rot disease. The imbalance of tree nutrients, excessive amount of results, excessive wounds, severe frost damage, lack of fertilizer, drought, early defoliation, and large leaf blasts often lead to heavier rot disease.

Prevention

Strengthen the cultivation and management: increase the application of organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and balance fertilization; do a good job of thinning and thinning fruits, control the amount of hanging fruit, prevent the occurrence of large and small years; spring irrigation and autumn control, reasonable irrigation; minimize and protect various wounds, cut Saw mouth should be painted and protected with 843 rehabilitative agent in time; Strengthen pest control to avoid early defoliation; After falling leaves in the early winter, use lime, 20 degree Baume lime sulfur, salt, animal oil, fresh water according to 6:1:1:0.1:10 The proportions were made into a whitening agent and dried; the diseased branches were cut off in time, the diseased tissues such as lesions and old skins were scraped off, and were then taken to the park for destruction. Timely treatment of lesions: First, mud. Take clay and add appropriate amount of water and slime. Apply 3-5 cm thick to the lesions. The mud layer should be 4-5 cm beyond the outer edge of the lesion, and then be tightly packed with a plastic cloth. The second is cutting. Using a knife, draw a circle 1 cm away from the edge of the lesion. The knife reaches deep into the xylem. Distantly cuts several depths of the xylem edge in the lesion, and then smears 843 healing agent or 21% peracetic acid solution on the surface. 2-5 times the liquid, the smear edge should exceed the outer edge of the lesion 3 cm. Apply 1 time after 1 month. The third is curettage. Sharply remove the lesion with a sharp knife, deep to the xylem, and scrape off 0.5-1 cm of healthy bark on the edge of the lesion, then use 45% dexamethasone water 200 times, or 5% of mycorrhizal water solution 30 - Apply 50 times liquid, or 843 healing agent stock solution. This disease is prone to recurrence. Summer and fall seasons should be checked and treated in time.

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