There are two situations in which the diesel engine is unstable at low speeds: unstable idling operation and so-called “travelingâ€. 1. Unsteady idling means that the diesel engine is fluctuating and fluctuating during idle operation, but the regularity is not strong, and there is jitter. The diesel engine is easy to extinguish when it is rapidly decelerating, shifting or carrying a load. This phenomenon is mostly caused by the governor. Caused by the fault. The main reasons for this are the following. (1) When the flyball wears at an idle speed, the opening degree of the flyball is the smallest, and the spring slide sleeve excessively protrudes toward the flyball due to the wear of the small roller of the flyball, causing a random direct collision with the flying ball body, resulting in unstable idle speed. At this point, touch the refuelling joystick by hand and there will be a slight sense of impact. (2) Poor elasticity of the idle spring or improper adjustment. When the diesel engine is running, the increase in load will cause the speed to decrease. If the idle speed spring or the start spring becomes soft, the oil supply pin bar cannot be quickly moved to the oil increase direction to increase the rotation speed. In severe cases, the diesel engine will be automatically extinguished. (3) Improper adjustment of the steady speed spring In the idling operation, the centrifugal force of the flying ball is small, and the speed control force is also small. If the diesel engine suddenly decelerates, the adjustment movement of the fuel supply rod may exceed the idle position, causing the diesel engine to stall. In order to prevent this kind of situation, behind the governor cover, the oil supply lever rotates toward the idle speed position; if the spring is too soft or adjusts, it will weaken or not stabilize the speed, making the idle running unstable. . (4) The low-pressure oil line is poor in oil supply or contains water and air. This will make the fuel supply volume large and small, especially in the low-speed area, which will lead to unstable operation of the diesel engine. (5) The camshaft cone bearing of the fuel injection pump support cam wears too much. In this case, the camshaft will cause irregular turbulence in the axial direction, which will cause the diesel engine to rotate stably. (6) The fuel pump is not evenly distributed. When the oil is improper or the fuel injection is bad at low speed, if the oil supply is uneven or the oil supply is not correct, the stability of the rotation speed will be greatly affected, but this instability shows a regular pattern of sales. And the cycle is short. (7) Insufficient cylinder compressive force When the cylinder compressive force decreases, the degree of drop of each cylinder is not necessarily the same. Even if the fuel supply of the injection pump is balanced, the combustion may still be different, resulting in unstable rotational speed at low speed. 2. “Walking†The so-called “scrambling†refers to the fact that the diesel engine has a long period and a regular and fast-paced phenomenon in the range of low speed and medium speed. This is because the speed regulation reaction lags behind the actual speed change. result. The main reasons are the following. (1) The inner lever of the governor is loose due to wear of the connecting pin hole. In this case, the bi-directional speed-regulating motion of the increase or decrease of the fuel supply amount is excessively delayed. When the engine is working, the speed regulation reaction must lag behind the actual speed change, but the lag amount can't be too large, otherwise it will produce larger adjustment amplitude. The amplitude of regulation is too large, that is, when the speed has risen or decreased due to the increase or decrease of fuel supply, the fuel will continue to increase or decrease. After the speed exceeds the larger range of the governor, the strong feedback signal passes through the governor. The reverse regulation reaction is realized, resulting in that the speed regulation reaction exceeds a predetermined range, resulting in a phenomenon of “running†in which the rotational speed repeatedly rises and falls around a certain fixed value. (2) The supply rod is not flexible enough The oil supply rod of the injection pump must be absolutely flexible to ensure the sensitivity of the speed regulation reaction. Use a sensitive spring scale to test the pull resistance of the gear rod. The pull resistance of the cylinder injection pump corresponding to II, IV, VI, and VIII should be no more than 60, 90, 130, and 150 g, respectively. Due to rust, deformation of the plunger after being fastened, grinding of the gear ring and gear rod after the plunger spring is broken, serious abrasion of the shaft sleeve at the end of the gear rod, and the fork fastening angle of the fork type oil adjusting mechanism Incorrect, the installation or cooperation of the thrust swash plate and fly ball seat of the domestic fuel injection pump governor will affect the flexibility of the oil supply pinion. When the resistance that affects the flexibility has not reached the extent that the oil supply rod cannot be moved completely, the phenomenon of “wandering†will occur (if the oil supply rod cannot be moved at all, a failure phenomenon will cause the rod to stay in position Different and different; for example, the diesel engine can not start, can not turn off, the speed is not controlled, speed, etc.) (3) Improper adjustment of the steady speed spring This is similar to improper adjustment of the steady speed spring when the idling speed is not stable, the performance of this situation This is because the speed-stabilizing spring and the oil supply lever cannot work together flexibly.
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