Tenebrio tenebrio is one of the main insects into the bag, the damage pear fruit bagging, continuous bagging orchard endanger. Tenebrio hi dark, if the bag is not sealed tightly, the fruit bag has no pest control effect, easy to enter the bag from the mouth of the bag, ventilation and drainage holes into the damage. In the middle and early June, the fruit was transferred to the fruit. In the middle of August, when the fruit was nearly mature, it was the heaviest, and often caused the fruit to fall off with bags. The key to prevention and control is to reduce the number of orchard populations in the orchard. The mid-July and late August is the critical period for the prevention and control of the mealworms. The effective pharmaceutical agents are 40% dimethoate emulsion, 80% dichlorvos emulsion, 2.5% deltamethrin, and 20% Insecticidal emulsions, etc. If the damaged pear orchard is seriously damaged, it should be taken out of the bag or sprayed to prevent the base number of the population from falling and then bagging. Black spot disease mainly affects fruits, leaves and young shoots. There was a significant difference in the degree of disease among the varieties. Among the Japanese pear cultivars, Qingpi Pear, which is represented by the 20th century, was the most severely affected, and Beipi Pear, represented by Feng Shui, Xing Shui, etc., was more resistant to melasma. In addition, poor air and light transmission, declining tree vigor, water in the ground area, and partial application of nitrogen fertilizers in pear orchard are all susceptible to disease. The black spot germ tube penetrates the newspaper bag and harms the fruit. Therefore, the newspaper bag must be oiled to prevent black spot. Black spot disease has reinfection characteristics, so it should be sprayed and sterilized on a regular basis throughout the growing season. There are 10% polyoxorubicin, 50% dexamethasone, and 65% zeocin in the agents with better control of melasma. 200 times the amount of lime Bordeaux liquid and so on. The pear wood hibiscus mainly damages the leaves and is in a dark environment. The mucilage secreted under the conditions of high temperature and high humidity is prone to parasitism by the bacteria. The mildewed secretions on the leaves flowed through the rain and flowed onto the fruit in the bag, causing dark spots. If the secretions penetrated into the fruit, the bags produced dark spots, which indirectly caused harm to the fruit. The prevention and control of this insect should focus on the early stage, strengthen the control of the overwintering adult emergence and the first generation of nymphs during the prosperous period, and at the same time pay attention to the prevention and control of the first generation of adults. If the pear hibiscus is not controlled during this period of time, subsequent generations will produce a large amount of mucus to protect the worm body and increase the difficulty of control. Bitter bitter disease Bitter bitter disease is a physiological disease caused by calcium deficiency in fruit, which is aggravated after bagging. At the early stage of fruit onset, lesions occur in the flesh under the skin, and a slightly sunken, darker lesion appears on the fruit surface. The pulp under the lesion showed sponge brown spots. The flesh of the diseased part gradually shrank and formed a honeycomb, and the epidermis necrosed, showing a brownish brown spot. Juvenile tree disease is heavy, mature trees and weak trees are lightly diseased. The bigger the fruit size is, the heavier the disease is; the soil organic matter content is lower, the ammonia nitrogen content is higher, the incidence of high groundwater level is heavier, and the serious shortage of calcium in the garden film should be Supplement calcium and organic fertilizers, or spray 400 times twice calcium amino acid continuously in 3 to 4 weeks after anthesis. (Author: Gao Hua Jun units: Shandong Province fruit trees)
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