Intercropping between crops is a time-use technology that can make full use of seasons, land, climate and other conditions, increase the multiple cropping index, and achieve more than one year crop ripening, high yield and high efficiency. In agricultural production, according to the principle of combining crops with each other, ingenious matching and rational planting can effectively reduce the possibility of pests and diseases on one side or both sides. This not only greatly reduces the use of chemical pesticides, reduces the production cost of agricultural products, and promotes the production of agricultural products. Improving quality and incomes also protect the natural ecological environment on which we depend. The role of several intercropping and interplanting models that can reasonably match crops with farmers is now being used to inhibit and control the occurrence of pests and diseases for the reference of producers in practice.
1. Cotton seedlings in cotton fields can trap eggs to reduce damage to cotton seedlings. In the cotton field, 10 lines of corn (50 to 60 piers per acre and 2 to 3 per pier) are broadcasted every 10 meters on the cotton field, which can effectively improve the ecological structure of the cotton field, trap the bollworm and corn borer to lay eggs, thereby reducing the occurrence of cotton seedlings. Falling eggs. According to surveys in seven counties in Shandong Province from 1980 to 1983, the amount of eggs laid on cotton seedlings was reduced by an average of 60% to 70%.
2. Cotton or rape interplanting garlic can repel pests to reduce eggs. The bactericidal bactericidal substance that garlic volatilizes - allicin has pungent odor, can make the aphid that damages cotton or rape "retreat from home", and the second generation of cotton bollworm occurrence of cotton also obviously reduces, other pests can also "smell the wind and escape". According to the investigation, the seedlings were not used to control seedlings and the cotton seedlings were not rolled. In the same conditions, the single cropping field prevented seedling mites twice, and the highest leafing rate still reached 25% to 28%. The second generation of cotton bollworm was planted in 100 plants. There are only 12 eggs, and the number of eggs in the monoculture field is more than 500.
3. Potato and garlic intercropping can inhibit the occurrence of potato late blight.
4. Cabbage grown between garlic can significantly reduce cabbage soft rot. Planting Chinese cabbage between garlic lines reduced cabbage soft rot disease by 62.5%.
5. Soy or peanut intercropping can kill pests and reduce insect populations. In the soybean or peanut field, the type of castor was evenly distributed on the ground, and it could be eaten by the tortoise shell fed to the bean field and peanut field and then poisoned. The effect was no less than the application of chemical pesticides. According to the experiment, 350 to 400 ramie are planted uniformly in the peanut field per mu. Each ramie can kill 4 to 5 heads of gold tortoises on average, reducing the population by 90%, and reducing the rate of peanut worms to below 5%. Increase production by more than 10%.
6. Intercropping corn or peanuts can effectively reduce corn damage. Pumpkin nectar can induce the parasitic natural enemies of corn borer, the black egg bee, which can effectively reduce the damage of corn borer by the parasitic effect of black egg bees. In addition, corn intercropping can also significantly reduce the damage of corn borer.
7. The intercropping between corn and spicy pepper can reduce the incidence of spicy pepper. Due to the shading effect of corn, the incidence of sunburn and virus disease in pepper was 72% less than that in monocropping field. The interplanting of corn and green pepper reduced the green pepper virus disease by 56.9%.
8. Cucumber intercropping can reduce the incidence of cucumber virus disease. Cucumber cultivation in the corn row can reduce cucumber mosaic disease by 61.6%.
9. Intercropping Chinese cabbage can reduce cabbage diseases. In intercropped corn fields, cabbage field virus disease is reduced by more than 20%, white spot disease is reduced by 18%, and the incidence of soft rot and downy mildew is significantly reduced because the field temperature is 0.5°C lower than that of monocropping field and the ground temperature is reduced by 2°C. .
10. Mixed corn and peas can achieve a double harvest. Both corn and peas benefit from each other and both increase yields.
11. The mixed use of flax and spring wheat can significantly reduce the occurrence of cotton bollworm. Flax and spring wheat mixed field, due to the protective effect of Maimang, can significantly reduce the occurrence of bollworm. According to a survey conducted by the Changji County Agricultural Research Institute in Xinjiang, the mixed field bollworms occur only on the groundside in small quantities, while the monocrop flax field has an average of 4 to 10 bollworms per square meter and the rate of flower bud damage is as high as 35%.
12. Intercropping with onions and carrots can drive insects. The scent of onions and carrots can expel individual pests.
13. Cruciferous lettuce, tomato, or peppermint repells cabbage white butterfly. The irritating odor from lettuce, tomato, or mint can keep cabbage white butterflies from cabbages, cabbages, and other cruciferous vegetables from spawning.
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